Adam Levick
JCPA
No. 101, 1 September 2010 / 23 Elul 5770
*
Political cartoons often have more of an immediate impact in reinforcing negative stereotypes about Jews than a lengthy essay. By far the largest output of anti-Semitic cartoons nowadays comes from the Arab and Muslim world. A yet uncharted field of hate cartoons against Jews is that in progressive blogs.
*
Anti-Semitic cartoons found - and seemingly tolerated - on progressive blogs such as Daily Kos, MyDD, Mondoweiss, and Indymedia are mainly expressions of anti-Israelism, a more recent category of anti-Semitism than the religious and ethnic-nationalist versions.
*
Traditionally the core motif of anti-Semitism is that Jews represent absolute evil. The cultural notion of what that means has changed over the centuries. Nowadays absolute evil is often expressed as Jews or Israelis being Nazis. Indeed, the cartoon motif most frequently appearing on the progressive blogs is imagery equating Israel with Nazi Germany. Others reflect Jewish conspiracies, Zionists controlling the world, the blood libel, or show Jews as animals.
*
Most of the progressive blogs discussed, containing such anti-Semitic imagery cited in this essay, generally fail to remove such hateful cartoons, despite blog policies expressly prohibiting posts that contain "hateful" or "inflammatory" content.
Cartoons have to express ideas in an easy-to-understand way. Therefore they are often accessible even to people who cannot read. Cartoons are also an efficient way to transmit hate and prejudices, including anti-Semitism. Anti-Semitism in cartoons has been investigated, among others, by the Belgian political scientist Jöel Kotek in his book Cartoons and Extremism.[1] Political cartoons often have a more immediate impact in reinforcing negative stereotypes about Jews than a lengthy essay.
The largest output of anti-Semitic cartoons nowadays comes from the Arab and Muslim world. Outside it one also finds a significant number of anti-Semitic cartoons in many countries. In Europe, for instance, over the past decade such imagery has been particularly strong in countries such as Norway and Greece.[2]
A yet uncharted field of hate cartoons against Jews is that in progressive blogs. They are mainly expressions of anti-Israelism, a more recent category of anti-Semitism than the religious and ethnic-nationalist versions. Traditionally the core motif of anti-Semitism is that Jews represent absolute evil. The cultural notion of what that means has changed over the centuries. In current times absolute evil is often expressed as Jews or Israelis being Nazis. This charge is usually identified with the virulent anti-Semitic cartoons on right-wing extremist sites and in Arab media. This motif, however, is also the main one found in anti-Semitic cartoons on progressive blogs.
Also the three major submotifs of anti-Semitism are expressed in cartoons on progressive blogs. The first one is that Jews lust for power. In progressive blogs this is manifested mainly as caricatures on Jewish conspiracies and Zionists controlling the world. The second major anti-Semitic submotif is that Jews lust for blood, and progressive blogs include cartoons accusing Jews of infanticide. The third anti-Semitic submotif, namely, that Jews are inferior beings, is expressed on these blogs in cartoons showing Jews as animals.
The cartoonist most frequently appearing on the progressive blogs analyzed here is Carlos Latuff. He is an extreme left-wing political activist who won second place in the notorious Iranian Holocaust Cartoon Competition. Latuff is one of the more prolific anti-Semitic cartoonists on the web, with a staggering amount of work dedicated to advancing explicitly anti-Semitic political imagery.
Israel as a Nazi State
The U.S. State Department's 2008 report[3] on "Contemporary Global Anti-Semitism" asserts regarding the new anti-Semitism:
Comparing contemporary Israeli policy to that of the Nazis is increasingly commonplace. Anti-Semitism couched as criticism of Zionism or Israel often escapes condemnation since it can be more subtle than traditional forms of anti-Semitism...those criticizing Israel have a responsibility to consider the effect their actions may have in prompting hatred of Jews. At times hostility toward Israel has translated into physical violence directed at Jews in general.
The European Union Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia presents a similar definition.[4]
The 2009 report on anti-Semitism by the Stephen Roth Institute noted that anti-Semitic attacks on Jews worldwide doubled from the previous year. The study also points out that extreme anti-Israel sentiments, such as equating Israel with Nazi Germany, are often the catalyst for such attacks.[5] As the report observes, "The dramatic increase in anti-Semitic manifestations in West European countries was influenced considerably by the virulently anti-Israel discourse and propaganda that portrayed Israel as a Nazi state and consequently delegitimized its right to exist."
As analyzed in an interview with Kotek in 2004,[6] as well as by Arieh Stav in his 1999 book on anti-Semitic cartoons in the Arab world,[7] the charge that the behavior of the Jewish state is similar to that of Nazi Germany has been a staple in the Arab media for years, used as a tool for demonizing and delegitimizing Israel. As Kotek noted, "Long before [Ariel] Sharon came to power [as prime minister], the theme of the Israeli as a Nazi was well-represented in the Arab caricature. According to it, all Zionists from Peres and Barak to Sharon are inspired by Nazi methods." As Stav pointed out, "The idea of NaZionism...was a central theme of the Soviet Press [during the Cold War] and had considerable impact on Egypt and Syria...particularly during the Lebanon War and the Intifada, as well as in the Western Press. The Arabs...are in the vanguard of this trend. The Judeo-Nazi Motif is among the central themes of Arab propaganda."[8]
The following cartoons illustrate how the hate motif of Israel as a Nazi state appears regularly on progressive blogs. As Kotek remarks, "Cartoons [that] convey the idea that Jews behave like Nazis [would] lead readers to conclude that Israel, alone among the nations, has no right to exist. Such cartoons represent a continuation and rebirth of the malicious Zionism=Racism charge codified in 1975 - later repealed - by UN member states (Arab and Soviet bloc) who at the time were openly dedicated to Israel's destruction."
The above cartoon, showing a bloodstained Israeli flag with the Magen David morphed into a swastika, is posted[9] on the progressive blog Daily Kos. It accompanies a column by a Kos blogger entitled: "Eulogy before the Inevitability of Self-Destruction: The Decline and Death of Israel." While it is important to note that this post elicited an overwhelmingly negative response by Kos readers, it is also certainly worth noting that the graphic and accompanying story - which warns of "A Zionist movement multiplying like cancer cells" - was still posted on the site as of August 2010. The section on "posting privileges" at Daily Kos clearly stipulates that "hateful" or "inflammatory" posts will be deleted.[10]
The cartoon above by Derkaoui Abdellah, presumably comparing Israel's security fence with Auschwitz, won first prize at the abovementioned 2006 Iranian Holocaust Cartoon Competition in Tehran.[11] It was also posted on Daily Kos, and is still up at the site as of August 2010.[12] The Kos blogger who posted the cartoon referred to it as "merely" depicting "a political statement that what the Israelis are doing in building the wall around the Palestinian territories echoes what was done to them in the past.'' While much of the commentary regarding the cartoon was negative, it needs to be asked why - again, given that Daily Kos reserves the right to delete material that is hateful - such a hideous cartoon would appear at this progressive site at all, let alone remain there to this day.
In a post entitled "Zionism was and remains a racist ideology," Daily Kos blogger Ben Heine - who also participated in the Iranian Holocaust Cartoon Competition[13],[14] - shows Israeli foreign minister Avigdor Lieberman as Adolf Hitler. Any pretense that this cartoon only vilifies Lieberman can be refuted by the word Zionism colored in blood in the background, along with the vicious-looking skull in Lieberman's hand wrapped with the Israeli flag. Though the image, and accompanying text, was removed[15] from Daily Kos, merely citing "copyright reasons," the post attracted 564 comments, many of them defending the cartoon. One such comment suggested that "the artist was not claiming Jews are Hitler. He was [merely] comparing the behavior of Avigdor Lieberman to Hitler."[16]
The Latuff cartoon above, showing Sharon kissing Hitler, appeared on the (Washington) DC Indymedia site.[17]
The above is another Latuff cartoon on the DC Indymedia site[18] comparing the war in Gaza with the genocide of Jews by the Nazis.[19]
The above Latuff cartoon was published by Indymedia[20] on Holocaust Remembrance Day.
The above is yet another Latuff cartoon on Indymedia.[21] It makes sure there is no doubt that the Jewish state has morphed into the new Nazi Germany by showing the tracks of the Israeli tank shaped like swastikas.
The above cartoon by Pat Oliphant, portraying Israel as a jackbooted, goose-stepping, mindless Nazi-like monster, was initially published in the New York Times and the Washington Post.[22] Eventually it was reproduced on several extremist right-wing websites, as well as in a publication of the terrorist organization Hizballah with the heading "Zionist Nazism."[23] The progressive blog Mondoweiss reprinted the cartoon and defended it by saying, "Considering the next foreign minister [Avigdor Lieberman] has been widely called fascist, and recommended nuking Gaza, I see no reason to criticize it."[24]
Infanticide
The blood-libel motif originated in the twelfth century in Christian England.[25] It alleged that the Jews needed Christian blood for their Passover service and, clearly, were evil. In today's Arab world this staple image of unbridled hatred has mutated into the alleged quest for Palestinian blood.[26] The blood libel sees Jews not only as murderers, but murderers who prefer to target children.
The abovementioned U.S. State Department report on anti-Semitism notes, for instance: "In Bahrain, in June 2002, the independent newspaper Al-Wasat published a cartoon depicting a Jewish man impaling a swaddled infant on a spear, furthering the anti-Semitic blood libel that Jews kill children" (emphasis added).
The cartoon above by Latuff, depicting former Israeli prime minister Ehud Olmert cradling a dead Palestinian baby, was published on Indymedia.[27] It suggests that not only do Israeli leaders intentionally kill Palestinian children, but also that such child murder is popular among the Israeli public and helps Israeli politicians get elected.
The Latuff cartoon above was posted by MyDD blogger shergald, and is still up at the progressive blog as of August 2010. It is posted under the title "Gaza Holocaust Has Begun."[28] While the theme of the cartoon is child murder, the title corresponds to the Israel-as-Nazi theme. The appearance of more than one anti-Semitic motif is not an isolated phenomenon.
The hate motif of infanticide also appeared in a 2003 cartoon by Dave Brown in the progressive British daily The Independent. The cartoon shows Sharon eating the head of a Palestinian baby and saying, "What's wrong? Have you never seen a politician kissing a baby?"[29] It won Britain's 2003 Political Cartoon of the Year Award. After receiving numerous complaints, the Press Complaints Commission (PCC) decided that the cartoon did not breach its code. In the wake of the controversy surrounding the publication, a blogger at Daily Kos - who goes by the name "Neocons will ban me" - posted the same cartoon under the heading "Champions of Free Expression."
This Latuff cartoon above, appearing on the Indymedia site,[30] is clearly meant to evoke the iconic Holocaust photo (below)[31] of a little Jewish boy in the Warsaw Ghetto raising his hands in surrender to the Nazis. The Israeli soldier in the cartoon has a look of pleasure as he terrorizes a Palestinian child.
Jews Control the Government/Zionist Conspiracy
The term ‘‘Zionist Occupation Government'' (or ZOG) has been a staple of right-wing extremists for some time.[32] The State Department's definition of anti-Semitism includes: "stereotypical allegations about Jews as such or the power of Jews as a collective - such as, especially but not exclusively, a world Jewish conspiracy or of Jews controlling the media, economy, government or other societal institutions."
The above cartoon[33] was posted on Daily Kos but was eventually taken down for reasons that were never clearly stated.[34] It was accompanied by a story by the author alleging that the vast Jewish conspiracy was preventing Dr. Juan Cole from being appointed to a position at Yale. The Kos blogger, named "Grand Moff Texan," made the following comments that are still up at the site (as of 1 August 2010): "I have a problem with the fact that Yale decided not to hire someone because a bunch of Israel-first, rightwing flacks went and scared Yale's Jewish donors, and they in turn scared administrators at Yale. That's three groups of people right there who need to reconsider what country they live in."
The above image - commenting on efforts by the pro-Israel media watchdog group, CAMERA, to challenge anti-Israel distortions on Wikipedia - suggests a Jewish-Zionist world conspiracy to "rewrite history," and was posted by shergald on MyDD.[35] The image was still up at the site as of August 2010. The post contains a title, "Zionist Infiltration," that is the kind of rhetoric typically also used by right-wing extremists such as David Duke. The title has not been deleted despite the blogger user agreement at MyDD prohibiting the use of "inflammatory titles."
Zoomorphism
Zoomorphism is a common theme throughout the world. As Kotek noted in the abovementioned interview, "To abuse one's adversaries, one dehumanizes them by turning them into animals. In Nazi and Soviet caricatures, the Jew is often depicted as a spider or an octopus - perceived as an evil animal."
The anti-Semitic idea of Jews, or Israel, as savage beasts is not typically expressed on the mainstream web. However, a regular Mondoweiss[36] blogger, called Seham, linked to a Latuff cartoon within his "Flotilla News List" post. Mondoweiss is funded by The Nation Institute.
The cartoon above represented a commentary on the May 2010 flotilla incident off the coast of Gaza. It combines both the cartoonist's frequent claim that Israel has become a Nazi-like state and imagery portraying the Jewish state as a beast, with its tentacles wrapped around the flotilla - which is emblazoned with the word freedom. The ten comments in the thread below were all positive.
The Nazis often portrayed the Jews as an octopus with tentacles wrapped around the world. The above caricature, however, is updated to include the post-Holocaust anti-Semitic notion that the Jewish state has morphed into the old Nazi state. Below, for comparison, is a Nazi anti-Semitic cartoon from about 1938 in which an octopus with a Star of David over its head encompasses the world with its tentacles.
Conclusions
The use of such extreme and hateful cartoons by a site as radical and open to expressions of outright anti-Semitism as Indymedia is not unexpected. The site has even been criticized by the socialist Left[37] for its defense of expressions of Holocaust denial. The use of such images by such "mainstream" sites as Daily Kos and MyDD[38] is much more surprising, and may represent an ominous development within a significant segment of the progressive community. (One blogger at another mainstream Democratic blog, Democratic Underground, linked to the main Carlos Latuff site and said Latuff was a "radical" but "great" - a post that is still up at the site as of August 2010.)[39]
This author's 2009 report on anti-Semitic themes in the progressive blogosphere found both "Israel as a Nazi state" and "excessive Jewish control/conspiracy" to be present to varying degrees at the three most popular progressive blogs: Daily Kos, Salon, and Huffington Post.[40] Although Mondoweiss does not have a fraction of the traffic of Daily Kos and MyDD, the blog's creators and contributors have posted on the most widely read progressive blog, Huffington Post. In addition, the influential Talking Points Memo (the twelfth most popular political website),[41] and via it TPMCafe, now syndicate Mondoweiss's posts.[42] The Nation, which, as noted, funds Mondoweiss, has been one of the standard-bearers of liberal-Democratic thought for years and is the twenty-fourth most popular political website overall.
As Indymedia Watch, an Indymedia watchdog group, noted,[43] "Indymedia was set up to fill a void in the corporate media. Unfortunately, as a largely un-moderated, unrestricted medium it was promptly over-run by bigots...who confuse free-speech with hate-speech. I believe the Indy Media [sic] experiment has failed."
The question of how the more mainstream liberal-Democratic blogosphere will respond to the continuing presence of such hate speech in their own ideological community remains open. Indeed, given these blogs' increasing power and influence within the progressive "activist" circles, the way they respond may affect the broader acceptance of such hateful canards for generations to come. For committed antiracists - or anyone, for that matter, truly concerned about the values of tolerance and diversity, and the future direction of the entire "progressive" movement - the seeming refusal to take such trends seriously represents, at the very least, an egregious case of hypocrisy.
More important, the failure to act in the face of such clear expressions of Jew-hatred constitutes a shameful - and potentially calamitous - moral abdication.
ADDENDUM:
Progressive Blogs in This Report
Daily Kos: Daily Kos[44] is an American progressive blog publishing news and opinion. It was recently ranked as the tenth most popular political website in overall traffic. Daily Kos functions as a discussion forum and group blog for a variety of activists, whose efforts are primarily directed toward influencing and strengthening the Democratic Party.
The site makes clear that "This is a Democratic blog, a partisan blog...with one goal in mind: Electoral victory." Additionally, the site features a participatory political encyclopedia, glossaries, and other permanent content. Daily Kos was founded by Markos Moulitsas in 2002. In June 2006, members of Daily Kos organized the first-ever political blogger convention, called YearlyKos, in Las Vegas, Nevada. The event was attended by approximately one thousand bloggers and featured appearances by prominent Democratic Party leaders. Subsequent annual conventions became known as Netroots Nation and also were attended by an array of prominent Democratic leaders.
As this author's report on progressive blogs demonstrated, some bloggers on Daily Kos freely advance narratives of a moral equivalence between Israel and Nazi Germany, as well as more general tropes suggesting Jewish conspiracy. The impunity they seem to enjoy in engaging in such toxic commentary about Jews, and the Jewish state, is notable given the site's explicit warning that posts or comments may be deleted that: "Contain hateful or defamatory writing; Are deliberately designed to inflame; Contain deliberately inflammatory titles."
MyDD: MyDD is one of the more popular and influential progressive blogs on the web.[45] MyDD describes itself[46] as "a group blog designed to discuss campaigns, the progressive movement, and political power. We do polling, research, commentary, analysis, and activism." Jerome Armstrong, the founder of MyDD, has consulted and worked for many organizations and campaigns, including Jon Corzine's successful 2005 campaign for governor of New Jersey and the presidential efforts of Howard Dean and Mark Warner. Armstrong coauthored the acclaimed book Crashing the Gate. The site prohibits comments and posts that contain inflammatory titles or remarks. Yet, as this report demonstrates, posts containing political cartoons advancing the infanticide and conspiracy narratives about Jews are still found on the site. MyDD is ranked fifty-seventh in overall web traffic among liberal political blogs.
Mondoweiss: The site, funded by The Nation Institute,[47] is an openly anti-Zionist Jewish blog.[48] Philip Weiss, an investigative journalist who, together with Adam Horowitz, runs the blog, does not think Israel should exist. Mondoweiss consistently advances, among other classical anti-Semitic tropes, the argument that Jews exercise too much power over U.S. foreign policy[49] and that Jewish progressive voices on the Middle East are censored, or at least muzzled, by the "right-wing" organized Jewish community. Further, the site argues, accusations of anti-Semitism are cynically used to stifle debate.
Weiss, the main blogger, states that "Zionism privileges Jews and justifies oppression, and this appalls me. Saying I'm anti-Zionist is a sincere expression of my pluralist, minority-respecting worldview." Weiss has complained of the "suffering of Palestinians that has been perpetrated politically in large part by empowered American Jews who are all over the media and political establishment."
Weiss also called for a quota on Jews who work in the media, saying, "I would like Jewish participation in mainstream media roundtables on the Middle East held to 50 percent or lower. That is my quota." He refers to Zionism as an ideology of "apartheid and ethnic cleansing," and even stated his support for Hizballah when it competed in the 2009 Lebanese elections.[50]
Interestingly, Weiss (like fellow anti-Israel liberal Glenn Greenwald)[51] also has published essays at Patrick Buchanan's paleoconservative magazine The American Conservative.[52] This odd political alliance seems to find common cause in their mutual hostility toward Israel and willingness to propagate classic anti-Semitic tropes - such as the charge of dual loyalty - while engaging in such rhetoric.[53] [54]
Fellow Mondoweiss blogger Adam Horowitz has said, "[if] they are asking if I support a Jewish state...the simple answer is no."[55] Cartoons have appeared at Mondoweiss that equate Israel and Nazi Germany, and one recently appeared that falls under the zoomorphism category (Israel as a bloodthirsty animal).
Indymedia: According to its homepage, "Indymedia is a collective of independent media organizations and hundreds of journalists offering grassroots, non-corporate coverage. Indymedia is a democratic media outlet for the creation of radical, accurate, and passionate tellings of truth."
Indymedia was founded as an alternative to government and corporate media, and seeks to enable people to publish their media as directly as possible. The site, however, has become a forum for hate-mongers and conspiracy theorists.[56] The uses of terms such as ZioNazis is common.[57] 9/11 Truth narratives are advanced frequently.[58] [59] According to traffic statistics from Alexa, Indymedia is the tenth most visited liberal website.
Carlos Latuff
Carlos Latuff is a Brazilian political activist and cartoonist with a staggering portfolio of political cartoons, many of which openly express anti-Semitic themes. He advances the narrative that Israel is a unique and immutable evil in the world.[60] His work includes imagery clearly indicating moral equivalence between Israel and Nazi Germany, which he has explicitly acknowledged to be his view.[61] The Stephen Roth Institute for the Study of Contemporary Antisemitism and Racism noted that Latuff's "portrayal of [former] Israeli Prime Minister Sharon is reminiscent of the antisemitic caricatures...in Julius Streicher's [Nazi publication] Der Sturmer."[62]
Latuff's works have been posted on various Indymedia websites and blogs as well as several newspapers and magazines such as JAMI, the magazine of the Islamic Front for the Iraqi Resistance,[63] the Lebanese newspaper Al Akhbar,[64] and other formats such as anti-Israel academic Norman Finkelstein's official website.[65] Latuff participated in the 2006 Iranian International Holocaust Cartoon Competition, and won second place for his cartoon comparing Israel's West Bank barrier with the Nazi concentration camps.
Ian Black, writing for The Guardian, a daily not known for its philo-Semitic tendencies, noted that Latuff was among those cartoonists "drawing, without inhibition, on judeophobic stereotypes in the service of the anti-globalisation movement."[66] Latuff also has employed antiblack racist themes in criticizing President Barack Obama.[67]
* * *
Notes
[1] Jöel Kotek, Cartoons and Extremism (London: Vallentine Mitchell, 2009).
[2]http://www.jcpa.org/David/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Documents%20and%20Settings/David/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/IP9GZ4TX/www.jcpa.org/JCPA/Templates/ShowPage.asp
Manfred Gerstenfeld, "Analyzing Cartoons to Capture the Essence of Anti-Semitism" (review of Jöel Kotek, Cartoons and Extremism: Israel and the Jews in Arab and Western Media), Jewish Political Studies Review, vol. 21, nos. 1-2 (Spring 2009)
[3] www.state.gov/documents/organization/102301.pdf
"Contemporary Global Anti-Semitism: A Report Provided to the U.S. Congress," U.S. State Department, 2008
[4]http://fra.europa.eu/fraWebsite/research/publications/studies_discussion_papers/studies_antisemitismreport_en.htm
Working Definition of Anti-Semitism, European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights, 2005
[5] "Anti-Semitism Worldwide," Stephen Roth Institute for the Study of Contemporary Antisemitism and Racism," 2009.
[6] http://www.jcpa.org/David/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Documents%20and%20Settings/David/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/IP9GZ4TX/www.jcpa.org/JCPA/Templates/ShowPage.asp%3fDBID=1&LNGID=1&TMID=111&FID=381&PID=470&IID=644
interview with Jöel Kotek, "Major Motifs in Anti-Semitic Cartoons," Post-Holocaust and Anti-Semitism 21, 1 June 2004
[7] http://www.jcpa.org/David/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Documents%20and%20Settings/David/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/IP9GZ4TX/www.acpr.org.il/books/caricature-E.pdf
Arieh Stav, Peace: The Arabian Caricature - a Study of Anti-Semitic Imagery (Jerusalem: Gefen, 1999)
[8] Ibid., 183.
[9] http://www.jcpa.org/David/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Documents%20and%20Settings/David/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/IP9GZ4TX/www.dailykos.com/story/2008/5/13/32250/0411
Nepos Libertas, "Eulogy before the Inevitability of Self-Destruction: The Decline and Death of Israel." Daily Kos, 13 May 2008
[10] www.dailykos.com/storyonly/2006/1/3/19928/53458
Markos Moulitsas, "Meta Madness Diaries," Daily Kos, 3 January 2006
[11] http:/irancartoon.com/120/holocaust/index.htm
Website of Iranian Holocaust Cartoon Contest, 2006
[12] http://www.jcpa.org/David/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Documents%20and%20Settings/David/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/IP9GZ4TX/www.dailykos.com/storyonly/2006/11/3/9617/94676
Jerome A. Paris, Daily Kos, 3 November 2006
[13] http://www.irancartoon.com/110/index3.htm
[14] http://www.jcpa.org/David/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Documents%20and%20Settings/David/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/IP9GZ4TX/www.dailykos.com/story/2007/4/5/21466/17801
Ben Heine, "Zionism Was and Remains a Racist Ideology," Daily Kos, 5 April 2007
[15] http://benjaminheine.blogspot.com/2007/04/artwork-that-ate-israel.html
Ben Heine, "The Artwork That Ate Israel," 6 April 2007
[16] http://www.jcpa.org/David/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Documents%20and%20Settings/David/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/IP9GZ4TX/www.dailykos.com/comments/2007/4/5/21466/17801/198#c198
Reader comment by "glow dog," Daily Kos, 5 April 2007
[17] http://dc.indymedia.org/newswire/display/85752/index.php
DC Indymedia, 3 November 2003
[18] http://publish.indymedia.org/images/2007/11/896048.jpg
Indymedia, November 2007
[19] http://publish.indymedia.org/en/2007/11/896047.shtml
[20] http://www.jcpa.org/David/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Documents%20and%20Settings/David/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/IP9GZ4TX/www.indymedia.org.uk/en/2009/01/420499.html
UK Indymedia, 28 January 2009
[21] http://www.jcpa.org/David/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Documents%20and%20Settings/David/Local%20Settings/Temporary%20Internet%20Files/Content.IE5/IP9GZ4TX/www.indymedia.org.uk/en/2009/01/417081.html
UK Indymedia, 4 January 2009
[22] www.wiesenthal.com/site/apps/nlnet/content2.aspx?c=lsKWLbPJLnF&b=4441467&ct=6860915
"SWC Denounces Oliphant Anti-Israel Cartoon That ‘Mimics the Poison of Nazi and Soviet Propaganda'; Urges Nytimes.Com and Other Websites to Remove It," Simon Wiesenthal Center, 25 March 2009
[23] www.nationalreview.com/media-blog/31012/wapo-ny-timess-anti-semitic-cartoon-becomes-hezbollah-propaganda/tom-gross
Tom Gross, "WaPo/NY Times Anti-Semitic Cartoon Becomes Hezbollah Propaganda," National Review Online, 12 April 2009
[24] http://mondoweiss.net/2009/03/is-it-just-a-star-of-david-or-a-flag.html
Philip Weiss, "Is It Just a Star of David or a Flag," Mondoweiss, 26 March 2009
[25] www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/judaica/ejud_0002_0003_0_03147.html
"Blood Libel," Jewish Virtual Library
[26] www.memri.org/report/en/0/0/0/0/0/0/1074.htm
Menachem Milson, "What Is Arab Anti-Semitism?" MEMRI, 27 February 2004
[27] http://dc.indymedia.org/usermedia/image/12/large/ehud_olmert.gif
"Ehud Olmert's Dreams," UK Indymedia, 15 January 2009
[28] http://mydd.com/users/shergald/posts/the-gaza-holocaust-has-begun
Shergald, "The Gaza Holocaust Has Begun," MyDD, 1 March 2008
[29] www.independent.co.uk/news/media/online/a-century-of-satire-wit-and-irreverence-986844.html?action=Popup&ino=10
"A Century of Satire, Wit, and Irreverence," The Independent, 27 November 2003
[30] http://dc.indymedia.org/usermedia/image/12/large/gaza_ghetto.jpg
"Gaza Ghetto," DC Indymedia, 24 December 2008
[31] www.holocaustresearchproject.org/nazioccupation/boy.html
"The Boy in the Photo," Holocaust Education and Archive Research Team
[32] www.adl.org/hate_symbols/acronyms_zog.asp
"A Visual Database of Extremist Symbols, Logos and Tattoos," Anti-Defamation League
[33] www.thejudeosphere.com/?p=261
"Downsizing Anti-Semitism," Judeoshpere, 5 July 2006
[34] www.dailykos.com/story/2006/6/14/161822/181
Grand Moff Texan, "Isryale," Daily Kos, 14 June 2006
[35] http://mydd.com/users/shergald/posts/zionist-infiltration-at-wikipedia
Shergald, "Zionist Infiltration at Wikipedia," MyDD, 22 April 2008
[36] http://mondoweiss.net/2010/05/my-flotilla-newslist-complete-with-henning-mankell-azmi-bishara-norman-finkelstein.html#respond
Seham, "My Flotilla Newslist," Mondoweiss, 31 May 2010
[37] www.socialistunity.com/?p=1707
Andy Newman, "Fallout as Indymedia Embraces Anti-Semitism," Socialist Unity, 12 February 2008
[38] http://rightwingnews.com/mt331/2009/03/the_50_most_popular_leftofcent.php
"The 50 Most Popular Liberal Sites," Right Wing News (per Alexa), 26 May 2009
[39] www.democraticunderground.com/discuss/duboard.php?az=view_all&address=364x2993145
SteeplerOt, "The Art of Resistance," Democratic Underground, 28 December 2006
[40] www.jcpa.org/JCPA/Templates/ShowPage.asp?DBID=1&TMID=111&LNGID=1&FID=381&PID=0&IID=3211
Adam Levick, "Anti-Israelism and Anti-Semitism on Progressive U.S. Blogs/News Websites: Influential and Poorly Monitored, Post Holocaust and Anti-Semitism 92, 1 January 2010
[41] http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:http://www.ebizmba.com/articles/political-news-websites
"The 25 Most Popular Political News Websites," EBiZ, August 2010
[42] http://tpmcafe.talkingpointsmemo.com/talk/blogs/philip_weiss_and_adam_horowitz/2009/05/you-can-now-follow-mondoweiss.php
"You Can Now Follow Mondoweiss at Talking Points Memo," TPM Café, 25 May 2009
[43] http://indymediawatch.blogspot.com/
"The End," Indymedia Watch, 16 March 2007
[44] www.dailykos.com/special/about2
"About Daily Kos," Daily Kos
[45] www.evancarmichael.com/Tools/Top-50-Political-Blogs-2009.htm
Evan Carmichael, "The Top 50 Political Blogs of the Year," 2009
[46] http://mydd.com/about
"About MyDD," MyDD
[47] www.nationinstitute.org/fellows
"Journalism Fellows at The Nation Institute," The Nation Institute
[48]http://mondoweiss.net/2009/03/as-any-regular-visitor-to-this-site-knows-i-am-confused-about-my-relationship-to-jewish-communal-life-i-say-that-i-am-assim.html
Philip Weiss, "What J Street Is Up Against," Mondoweiss, 17 March 2009
[49] http://mondoweiss.net/2009/10/liberals-like-to-deceive-themselves-about-jewish-power.html
Philip Weiss, "Liberals Like to Deceive Themselves about Jewish Power," Mondoweiss, 22 October 2009
[50] http://mondoweiss.net/2009/05/on-the-verge-of-lebanese-elections-nasrallah-defies-obama-and-israel.html#more-2231
Philip Weiss, "On the Verge of Lebanese Elections Nasrallah Defies Obama and Israel," Mondoweiss, 19 May 2009
[51] www.amconmag.com/article/2009/jan/26/00014/
[52] www.amconmag.com/article/2008/jan/28/00033/
Philip Weiss, "The Long Fuse to the Iraq War," The American Conservative, 28 January 2008
[53] www.adl.org/special_reports/buchanan_own_words/buchanan_intro.asp
[54] http://blog.z-word.com/2010/03/glenn-greenwald-keeps-an-ugly-calumny-alive/
[55] http://mondoweiss.net/2009/03/adam-horowitz-on-the-twostate-solution.html
Philip Weiss, "Mr. Horowitz: Tell Us What You Think of the Two-State Solution," Mondoweiss, 15 March 2009
[56] www.michaeltotten.com/archives/000878.html
Michael Totten, "Portland Indymedia Speaks," Middle East Journal, 7 July 2005
[57] http://chicago.indymedia.org/newswire/display/11403/index.php
"Zionazis Fires on Jenin Market, Many Hurt, Two Killed," Chicago Indymedia, 1 June 2002
[58] http://radio.indymedia.org/en/node/10079
"9/11 Truth Conference," Radio Indymedia, 6 June 2006
[59] http://radio.indymedia.org/uploads/911_conference_bowman.mp3
"9/11 Truth Conference" (audio file), Radio Indymedia
[60] http://artintifada.wordpress.com/2009/01/10/latuff-palestine-cartoons/
"Latuff Palestine Cartoons," ArtIntifada, 10 January 2009
[61] http://intifada-palestine.com/2010/04/interview-with-carlos-latuff-i-dont-trade-ideology-for-money/
"Interview with Carlos Latuff," Intifada (Voice of Palestine), 17 April 2010
[62] www.tau.ac.il/Anti-Semitism/asw2003-4/general-analysis.htm
"Annual Report: General Analysis 2003," Stephen Roth Institute for the Study of Antisemitism and Racism
[63] http://tales-of-iraq-war.blogspot.com/2008/06/interview-for-jami-magazine.html
"The Interview I Gave for the Magazine of The Islamic Front for the Iraqi Resistance (JAMI)," Tales of Iraq War by Latuff, 2 June 2008
[64] http://tales-of-iraq-war.blogspot.com/2008/04/article-about-my-art-in-lebanese.html
"Article about My Art in the Lebanese Newspaper ‘Al Akhbar,'" Tales of Iraq War by Latuff, 15 April 2008
[65] www.normanfinkelstein.com/welcome-to-latuffs-gallery/
"Latuff Gallery," Official Website of Norman G. Finkelstein
[66] www.guardian.co.uk/world/2008/dec/18/israelandthepalestinians-pressandpublishing
Ian Black, "Cartoon Symbols of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict," The Guardian, 19 December 2008
[67] http://hurryupharry.org/2010/02/09/latuff-anti-jewish-and-anti-black-racist/
Harry A., "Latuff: Anti-Jewish and Anti-Black Racist," Harry's Place, 9 February 2010
* * *
Adam Levick is the Managing Editor of CiF Watch. His essays have been published in the Jerusalem Post and The Guardian, as well as the blogs: Elder of Ziyon and Z Word. Before moving to Israel in 2009, Adam Levick worked in the Civil Rights Division at the National Office of the Anti-Defamation League, where he was responsible for monitoring progressive journals and political blogs in the U.S.
No comments:
Post a Comment