ANDREW E. HARROD
March 5, 2014
"It is therefore discriminatory to equate Islam with Islamist
terrorism and undifferentiated to attribute violence from Islamist
fundamentalists and terrorists to Islam," the
Swiss Press Council (SPC) assessed in a
November 13, 2013, opinion. The SPC thereby condemned an admittedly shoddy
March 29, 2013, Basler Zeitung (BZ) article with a value judgment having troubling implications for free speech concerning Islam.
Entitled in German "Every Five Minutes a Christian is
Murdered," the article made the increasingly recognized argument that
Christianity is the most persecuted religion worldwide. Similarly increasingly recognized is the
article's identification of "Islamic extremism" as Christianity's greatest current threat. For sources, the article referenced, among others, Christian aid organizations like
Open Doors.
"Not an extremist, but doctrine" in some 200 Koran verses
and 1,800 hadith call for the conversion or death of nonbelievers, the
article stated. Christians and Jews as "dhimmi" under Islam are only
"second-class citizens" with limited religious freedom.
The article
concluded that
whoever says this is all accidents, only snapshots, is
mistaken....Islam, however peaceful it can appear, has in its most
radical manifestation another face. A hateful grimace, which knows no
mercy, which has only one thing in view: world domination.
"The majority of Muslims," the article conceded, are peaceful. Yet
was this not also so in the Third Reich? Was it not also there the few,
who controlled the many...It is a dangerous error to believe that the
majority of Muslims are peaceful because of Islam; they are peaceful
despite Islam.
In response, the
Union of Islamic Organizations in Zurich (
Vereinigung der islamischen Organisationen in Zürich or VIOZ) issued a
May 24, 2013, complaint to the SPC. Against descriptions of Islam as aggressive and authoritarian, VIOZ cited the "merciful" Koran's verses
6:35,
6:107,
16:9, and
16:93
as evidence of Islamic tolerance. Muslim-majority countries like
Pakistan and "great Islamic centers like Al Azhar in Egypt," meanwhile,
had taken a "clear position" against "Islamists" described in the
article. Indeed, "there is no notable declaration of an Islamic
university that approves of the killing of innocents or terrorism."
The article's undocumented reference to 200 Koran verses and 1,800
hadith, VIOZ meanwhile criticized, actually came from a similarly
undocumented
comment (#27) to a blog entry at
Michael Mannheimer's
website. Originally appearing in the article, VIOZ added, were
quotations from the "sociologist and Islam critic" Mannheimer, even
though Mannheimer is actually the "known rightwing populist"
Karl-Michael Merkle. VIOZ and an April 3, 2013, BZ correction removing
two "Mannheimer" quotations from the original article both noted that
Merkle currently faces German hate speech charges for his condemnation
of Islam (see
here and
here). Along with Merkle's contributions, the BZ article was a "complete journalistic plagiarism" of internet sites, as
extensively documented at the website of the German journalist
Hardy Prothmann cited by VIOZ.
VIOZ noted as well Prothmann's inability to find an
original source for the article's supposed quotation of German feminist
Alice Schwarzer condemning the Koran as "just as racist as Hitler's
Mein Kampf" and worthy of banning. Schwarzer herself stated in a
2010 university lecture that she had only compared Islamic laws such as stoning for adultery to
Mein Kampf,
not the Koran. The article similarly referenced a Christian gruesomely
murdered with a cross rammed through her mouth while bound to a bed,
yet Prothmann could only find such an image at Merkle-Mannheimer's
website. Yet as the Swiss journalist
Martin Hitz has
discovered along with others, including the
anti-Islamist Gates of Vienna website, this
image comes from the Canadian horror film
Inner Depravity.
Given these facts, SPC's
nonbinding judgment
rightly criticized BZ for transgressing various SPC standards
concerning, for example, transparency with respect to the article's
sources and information. Problematic is SPC's judgment with respect to
Paragraph 8 of the SPC "
Declaration of the Duties and Rights of a Journalist."
This prohibits "any allusion" to characteristics such as religion "that
could be discriminatory in character," a measure banning
"generalizations" but not "criticism of single persons." Hereby BZ's
presentation of violent "Islamism" as "nothing other than the natural
consequence" of Islam was an "evidently discriminating assertion" and
"grave" violation of Paragraph 8.
SPC has thus questionably asserted that Islam's essential essence is
benign. Yet numerous Koran verses reference religious warfare such as
2:190-93,
4:74,
8:12,
8:39,
8:60,
9:5,
9:29,
9:111,
9:123, and
47:4.
Whether 200 or not, they contradict VIOZ's assertion that in the Koran
"no person has power over another in questions of belief." Traditional
Islamic norms mandating death for
apostasy and
blasphemy are also well-established, irrespective of supporting hadiths' number. In their
July 1999 terrorism definition, meanwhile, the
Organization of Islamic Cooperation's
57 predominately Muslim states (including "Palestine") exclude "armed
struggle against foreign occupation, aggression, colonialism, and
hegemony." This exclusion is predictable given the
2013 justification for terrorism as jihad made by a leading Islamic law professor at
Al Azhar University, Sunni Islam's preeminent authority in Cairo, Egypt.
Ideas like Islam demand the strictest of scrutiny, irrespective of followers' individual feelings. After all,
Friedrich Hayek's classic treatise
The Road to Serfdom
contended that socialism was inherently totalitarian, no matter how
well-intended. The SPC, however, has called such principles of
intellectual rigor into question with its condemnation of BZ's
"discrimination" against inanimate Islamic religious belief. Future
critical commentators may rue this development long after BZ's eminently
forgettable article has faded into obscurity.
This article was sponsored by the
Legal Project, an activity of the
Middle East Forum
Andrew
E. Harrod is a freelance researcher and writer who holds a PhD from
the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy and a JD from George Washington
University Law School. He is admitted to the Virginia State Bar. He
has published over 150 articles concerning various political and
religious topics at the American Thinker, Daily Caller, FrontPage
Magazine, Faith Freedom International, Gatestone Institute, Institute
on Religion and Democracy, Mercatornet, and World, among others. He
can be followed on twitter at @AEHarrod.
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