Thursday, June 18, 2009

A Palestinian Choice

Israel's PM gets no credit for bending on a two-state solution.

In the ordinary course of Middle Eastern politics, having a "hardline" Israeli Prime Minster call for a freeze on new settlement construction and propose immediate negotiations in order to create a Palestinian state might be seen as a breakthrough, particularly among those who loudly profess to believe in peace. But that's not how it's playing out for Benjamin Netanyahu.

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In the ordinary course of Middle Eastern politics, having a "hardline" Israeli Prime Minster call for a freeze on new settlement construction and propose immediate negotiations in order to create a Palestinian state might be seen as a breakthrough, particularly among those who loudly profess to believe in peace. But that's not how it's playing out for Benjamin Netanyahu.

On Sunday, Mr. Netanyahu delivered a detailed speech in which he hailed President Obama's "desire to bring about a new era of reconciliation in our region." He said he was "willing to meet" with Arab leaders "at any time, at any place, in Damascus, in Riyadh, in Beirut and in Jerusalem as well" to make peace. He invited Arab entrepreneurs to "assist the Palestinians and us to give the economy a jump-start." He committed his government to all of Israel's international agreements, many of which he had previously opposed. He said "we have no intention to build new settlements or set aside land for new settlements."

Most significantly, Mr. Netanyahu broke with much of his own Likud party's rank-and-file to acknowledge Israel's interest in an independent Palestine. "In my vision of peace," he said, "there are two free peoples living side by side in this small land, with good neighborly relations and mutual respect, each with its flag, anthem and government, with neither one threatening its neighbor's security and existence."

To this, the Palestinian reaction was to say the speech was "worthless," "nothing but a hoax," that it had "destroyed all peace initiatives and [chances for] a solution," and that Mr. Netanyahu was "a liar and a crook." And that was the reaction among the Palestinian moderates. Only Hamas and the Huffington Post were more withering.

Much of that reaction can be put down to the conditions Mr. Netanyahu laid down for Palestinian statehood. He insisted the state be demilitarized; that Palestinian refugees not be resettled within Israel; and that Palestinians recognize Israel as a Jewish state. The Prime Minister also called for Jerusalem to remain Israel's united capital.

We have our doubts on that last score: Too many Palestinians live in East Jerusalem (an area rarely visited by Jewish Israelis) for it to remain in Israeli hands after any final settlement, though a deal would have to guarantee Israeli sovereignty over the Jewish Quarter of the Old City.

Then again, it's hard to argue with Mr. Netanyahu's other points. The transformation of the Gaza Strip into an armed and hostile Hamas enclave is evidence enough of why any future Palestinian state would have to be demilitarized. And that was after Israel uprooted its settlements.

Nor should the thought of Israel as a Jewish state be controversial: That's how it was conceived by the U.N. resolution that helped bring it into existence, and that's how it was recognized by Harry Truman minutes after it declared independence. The idea that a state can privilege a certain religion isn't strange, either -- witness the Church of England -- and needn't be invidious as long as it respects the religious traditions of all its citizens, as Israel does. As for the refugees, it's hard to understand the logic of simultaneously demanding a Palestinian state, free of Jewish settlements, while also insisting on Israel itself as a second Palestinian homeland.

Responding to Mr. Netanyahu's speech, White House press secretary Robert Gibbs called it an "important step forward," but offered little more than that. The Administration could help matters more by providing the Israelis with greater assurances that they won't simultaneously demand further Israeli concessions while doing nothing serious to stop Iran -- a leading patron of Hamas -- from getting nuclear weapons. A Palestinian state poses enough challenges to Israeli security without it being an atomic spearpoint.

As for the Palestinians, for too long they have practiced a kind of fantasy politics, in which all right was on their side, concession was dishonor, and mistakes never had consequences. It hasn't earned them much. Mr. Netanyahu's speech now offers them the choice between fantasy and statehood. Judging from early reactions, they're choosing wrongly again.
Printed in The Wall Street Journal, page A16

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