National
Security Adviser Susan Rice arrived in Israel on Wednesday for
consultations with top Israeli security and political figures, a day
after the White House clarified that the planned discussions would focus
significantly on negotiations between Iran and the P5+1 global powers
over the former's atomic program. The White House had also emphasized that those consultations - per language used by Reuters - would not actually yield "any new developments on that front." The Jerusalem Post suggested that
Rice's trip comes as Washington is preparing for what the outlet
described as an "Israeli backlash" to a range of concessions that the
Obama administration is rumored to be contemplating. The Israelis have
among other things dismissed an Iranian proposal - which top figures
from Tehran's atomic program have been hyping as a promising development in the talks - that would see the Iranians rejecting a long-standing Western demand
that they dismantle or at a minimum downgrade the heavy water reactor
being constructed at the country's Arak facility. The current IR-40
reactor will be able to produce at least one bomb's worth of plutonium
per year, and once activated is functionally impossible to destroy. The Iranians have rejected any possibility of meeting their international obligations - codified in United Nations Security Council Resolutions - to halt construction at Arak and keep the reactor offline. They have also drawn a red line
against modifying it into a more proliferation-resistant light water
model. Instead they are offering to run the reactor at less than full
capacity, a compromise that Israeli Intelligence and Strategic Affairs
Minister Yuval Steinitz pointed out
would leave Tehran steadily stockpiling plutonium that could eventually
be used to construct a nuclear weapon, albeit at a slightly slower
pace. Negotiators from the P5+1 and Iran are set to meet next week in
Vienna. State Department deputy spokesperson Marie Harf told reporters
on Tuesday that Obama administration officials "feel like we can start
drafting and... like we can get [a comprehensive deal] done by July 20."
Syrian rebel groups on Wednesday began clearing out of the strategic city of Homs under a deal that the Washington Post described as
"loaded with poignancy for the opposition," with hundreds of fighters
allowed to carry only a single weapon as they boarded buses conveying
them to the countryside. The city is considered
one of the "cradle[s]" of the now three year old uprising. Its central
location in Syria - it lies along the country's main highway linking
Damascus to the Mediterranean coast - led Agence France-Presse (AFP) to characterize
the rebel withdrawal as a "strategic prize" for Assad. Bloomberg News
contextualized the events alongside renewed calls for Western military
assistance to rebel elements, opening its write-up
by noting that "[w]hile U.S.-backed Syrian opposition leaders in
Washington are lobbying for better weapons, the Syrian government has
forced rebels to abandon the city of Homs." Rebel chief Ahmad Jarba
announced Tuesday night that he would specifically request anti-aircraft
missiles to counter what seems to be a deliberate move
by Syrian forces to heighten the use of barrel bombs against
rebel-heavy areas. The use of the shrapnel-packed helicopter-deployed
IEDs has been criticized as a war crime by Western leaders, but the rebels have not been able to field a battlefield answer to the Syrian Air Force. The New York Times noted that
Jarba's call came as Assad "appears to have gained the upper hand in
the civil war and President Obama has continued to express wariness
about becoming more deeply involved." Al-Hayat Washington Bureau Chief
Joyce Karam on Wednesday conveyed statements
from Syrian opposition groups noting that "Assad is still receiving
arms from Iran via Iraq[i] airspace." The Obama administration this week
announced that
it was recognizing the main opposition group's office as a diplomatic
foreign mission and increasing its non-lethal assistance by $27 million.
Voice of America (VOA) on Wednesday conveyed statements
from Edward Kallon, the U.N.'s resident humanitarian coordinator for
Jordan, calling on the international community to boost its support for
the Hashemite kingdom in order to forestall a potential domestic
backlash against the tens of thousands of Syrian refugees that have
flooded into the country over the last three years. Kallon
assessed that those refugees will be in Jordan over at least the medium
term, and that "we should try to enhance social cohesion rather than
creating sensitivities that result in resentment, which is not going to
help our total humanitarian effort." Only about one quarter of a U.N.
appeal for $4.2 billion - all to be delivered in 2014 - has been
fulfilled. The United States for its part earlier sealed an agreement
this week to extend loan guarantees to Amman that the State Department
insisted would "allow Jordan to access affordable financing from
international capital markets, ensuring that Jordan can continue to
provide critical services to its citizens." Observers had feared
in early 2013 that the country was entering a cycle of instability -
where a poor economy drove unrest, and unrest prevented economic fixes
from taking hold - but angry demonstrations had eventually tapered off. Recent months have however seen a spike in tensions, and last week there was a wave of violence in southern Jordan that included the death of a civilian apparently at the hands of security forces.
Rep. Eliot Engel (D-NY) on Wednesday told the Jerusalem Post
that existing U.S. law is sufficient to curtail assistance to the
Palestinian Authority (PA) should a government emerge drawing ministers
from both the rival Palestinian Fatah and Hamas factions, as reportedly
envisioned by a recently-announced unity agreement between the two
groups. U.S. Legislation stretching back to 2006 is explicit that any government that includes Hamas is ineligible for U.S. funds, and news of the Fatah-Hamas agreement was quickly described
by Al Monitor as potentially the "last straw for Congress on U.S. aid
to [the] Palestinians." The House will hold hearings Thursday to examine
the status of the deal and evaluate its likely consequences. The debate
on the Hill comes as the European Union is moving forward on its own
investigation into what seems to be endemic Palestinian corruption and
mismanagement of E.U. funds. The Jewish Telegraphic Agency (JTA) on
Tuesday rounded up developments that have emerged since last December,
when the European Court of Auditors found that
some of the billions of Euros given to the Palestinians since the
mid-1990s had been allocated in ways that violated restrictions and
conditions on that assistance. The JTA indicated that
"a lingering corruption problem that has plagued the [PA] since it was
formed under Yasser Arafat" has now become the target of "an
unprecedented degree of scrutiny" from E.U. officials. The piece quoted
Arab politics expert Guy Bechor explaining that "until now, EU aid was
unconditional... [but] for the first time, we are seeing serious moves
for conditionality and transparency." The Palestinian economy would collapse in the absence of significant outside assistance.
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