Friday, October 19, 2007

Myth of a Moderate Fatah

Arlene Kushner

The Fatah-Hamas Accord at Mecca
On February 8, 2007, Fatah and Hamas leaders, meeting in Mecca under the sponsorship of Saudi Arabia, reached agreement on the formation of a PA unity government.
The Accord they produced, roughly based upon the Prisoners Document, was couched ingeneral terms and did not bridge all gaps in the positions between Fatah and Hamas.

What it did was establish certain broad principles and obligate the two sides to attempt to create a stable regime.

While a unity government has not yet been established as this is written – and continuing Fatah-Hamas friction casts some doubt on the likelihood that it will be – the Accord must be examined for what it reveals about the intentions and commitments of Fatah and PA president Mahmoud Abbas.

Abbas has stated that the agreement was concerned only with an internal Palestinian matter – prevention of a Palestinian civil war – and was not intended to address relations with Israel. In the words of Lt. Col. (res.) Jonathan D. Halevi,1 the Accord is a “tactical political measure calculated to create a false impression regarding Hamas' political flexibility in order to whitewash the organization into being accepted as a legitimate player in the international arena...”
Fatah has now moved closer to the Hamas position.

Members of Fatah concede that they made most of the compromises in reaching the Accord; according to one Hamas leader, "Fatah made 90 percent of the concessions, while Hamas made only 10%."
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Major points Abbas agreed to in Mecca, and issues he was willing to skirt:2
 Hamas will still head the government.

Hamas will control the Ministry of the Interior.
Fatah will relinquish control of the significant Ministries of Foreign Affairs and
Finance. Independents in these positions will work under the Hamas.
Hamas’s paramilitary Executive Force of 4,000 will be incorporated into the PA
security forces instead of being disbanded.

Abbas accepts the Hamas stance that it “respects” rather than “abides by” previous
agreements between the PLO and Israel.

To avoid alienating Hamas, Israel was not mentioned in the Accords or in any public
statements by Fatah following the announcement regarding the Accords.
There is no mention in the Accords of a peace process or for the need to renounce
violence. Nor did Abbas allude to these issues in his statements.

Since his return from Mecca, Abbas has been promoting the position that he can negotiate with Israel as the head of the PLO, rather than as president of the PA.3 The implication, on first blush, appears to be one of trying to achieve negotiations by circumventing the unity government, which will not have recognized Israel nor agreed to abide by previous agreements.
However, as HaLevi4 explains:
Hamas stipulated as a condition for participating in a unity government that there was to be organizational and ideological reform in the PLO, paving the way for the
absorption of Hamas and Islamic Jihad.
Abbas has agreed to this.
Hamas’s goal is to take control of the movement and its financial institutions, and then ultimately to effect ideological reform that will expunge recognition of Israel.

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