Friday, August 01, 2008

Debating About Islam - Part 2

Bill Warner

Of Interest

1. A Federal prosecutor may be in trouble because he’s a smart, successful kafir.

2. Jihad against the Christians at the highest level! A Common Word is supreme jihad by Islamic scholars and the Muslim Brotherhood, championed by the usual dhimmi suspects at Yale, Harvard and Princeton Divinity Schools. Here’s the brilliant rebuttal by knowledgeable kafirs to this taqiyya-fest titled, “Truth About A Common Word.”

3. The Muslim Brotherhood supreme guide in Egypt on Bin Laden the jihad fighter, Sharia law and various other hot Islamic political topics. From Memri.org. Debating about Islam, Part 2

THERE ARE DIFFERENT KINDS OF ISLAM
The differences in the different kinds of Islam are due to religion, not politics. Take the Sunni/Shia split, the largest division in Islam. Both Sunnis and Shias completely agree on how to treat kafirs and jihad. All Muslim subscribe to one of five schools of the Sharia and the Sharia’s position regarding kafirs and jihad is the nearly the same for all the schools.

The only big difference is whether to use violent jihad or peaceful jihad against the kafirs.

HADITH—SOME OF THOSE AREN’T REAL
If you quote a hadith to a Muslim and they don’t like it, they will say, “Well, some of those hadiths are not acceptable (or true or some other disclaimer).” And that is true. Actually, when a Muslim says that, they are practicing taqiyya, sacred deception and duality. If it is a hadith, then a Muslim cannot be denied the right to follow it. It is Sunna.

The hadiths from Bukhari and Muslim are the creme de la creme of hadiths. When Bukhari made his collection, he threw out 99% of those he found. Those 99% are the unsure ones, the other 1% which are used here are authoritative.

THE MYTH OF THE ARABS, ABRAHAM AND ISHMAEL
The core of the myth is told in the Koran about how Adam built the Kabah at Mecca. It was the first house of worship. Then Abraham brought Ishmael to Mecca, prepared to perform the sacrifice demanded by God. Ishmael was left in Mecca with his mother, Hagar.

We have a very detailed report of Mecca at the time of Mohammed right down to the names of individuals, their children and wives. Arabs were very keen on family relationships. A person’s very name gave you his father’s or son’s name and a chain of relationships. One of the things that infuriated the Meccans about Mohammed was that he said their ancestors were in Hell since they were not Muslims.

Not a single person in Mohammed’s Mecca is named Abraham, Ishmael, or Hagar. Not one. Why? They had no knowledge about any relationship between the Arabs and Abraham. They knew of the Jews and Abraham, but they made no claim of kinship with their names. After Mohammed, these names became common amongst Muslims.

This has another large implication. Islam claims that Muslims, Christians and Jews are members of the Abrahamic faith. Not so. There is no such thing. It was an unsubstantiated claim by Mohammed.

THE ISLAMIC GOLDEN AGE
If you spend any time talking about Islam you will hear: “What about the greatness of the Islamic Golden Age? Why, the West got all of its real learning from the Muslims. They preserved the Greek philosophers, invented algebra, chemistry, the algorithm and laid the basis of our learning.” Or: “The high point of human civilization occurred in Baghdad and Moorish Spain. It was all peace and harmony with Christians, Jews and Muslims living in multi-cultural compatibility.”

“When Europe was mired in the Dark Ages, Islam was a shining light on the hill. “

Hmmm. Let’s go over the data. Notice that the best of Islam is compared with the worst of the West. First, there never was a “Dark Age”. This prejudicial naming came from the time of the Renaissance when they looked back at the dogmatic approach to knowledge in medieval times and wanted to separate themselves from it. It is just like new rich wanting to shed their poor ancestry.

Let’s examine the Middle Ages for a moment and see how they came about. The collapse of Greek and Roman civilization came about from internal problems of too much wealth for too long. The ravages of the bubonic plague wiped out an estimated 30 to 60 percent of the European population, making it vulnerable to invasion. The annihilation of the centers of learning came from the jihad of Islam. So even if you want to use the term Dark Ages, at least recognize the influence of jihad.

And let’s look at how “un-dark” the “Dark Ages” were. Everyone agrees that the Renaissance was one of humanity’s great moments. But how did all of that greatness spring from the “Dark Ages”? You don’t get a champion racehorse from a plug mare. The Middle Ages were a time when the European man was created. The collapse of Roman central government allowed a new culture to emerge that was a fusion of Roman, Greek, Celtic and Germanic culture. Part of this culture was mechanical genius.

Europe was creating a new mind, the mind that would change the world by producing practical machines such as water mills and a thousand small improvements in daily life. The cathedrals were a stunning tribute to humanity and works of great beauty.
Without the Middle Ages there could not have been a Europe or a Renaissance.

Now look at the Golden Age of Islam in Baghdad. Where did it come from? Not from Islam. The Koran was the first book written in Arabia. Architecture in Arabia consisted of mud huts. Mohammed’s house was made from mud bricks; a man could touch the ceiling and a curtain served as a door. Arabic culture was barely iron age with its only art being poetry.

So where did the learning come from? Islam crushed the Christian, Zoroastrian, Buddhist and Hindu cultures and brought them all together in one culture. The scholars of these cultures were brought together and created an intellectual surge called the Islamic Golden Age. It was kafirs who created this so-called Golden Age while Islam took the credit. As an example, we call our numbers Arabic numerals. But the Arabs got them from the Hindus and took credit. We should call our numbers Hindu numerals.

It was Christian dhimmis who translated all of the Greek and Roman literature for their masters. Later, when this material was translated back into Greek and Latin, the Muslims got the credit for the work. In short, Islam got its knowledge just like it got its wealth— from theft and violence.

Islam cannot sustain any intellectual effort. Their own scholars cannot do the work due to the limitations of the dogma of Islamic thought.

And what were the Muslims able to do with this knowledge? Not much. What did they do with glass? Make pretty windows for the mosque. Europeans took glass and made microscopes and telescopes as well as stained glass. What did the Muslims do with mathematics? Not much. They combined the mathematics of the Greeks and Hindus and created algebra. And what did they do with algebra? Nothing. When it came back to Europe, the Europeans created calculus and physics.

A list of the great Arabic scholars reveals that many on the list were Christians with Arabic names. And the best of the Muslim scholars turned out not to be very Muslim and their works were later demolished by Muslims who were true to the real knowledge of Islam, the Koran.

Now let’s look at the great Moorish Spain. It was supposed to be a great center of multiculturalism. Of course, there was that day in Cordoba when the Muslims killed 8,000 Jews, but ignore that. What did Islam do as soon as it came to Spain? Shipped a thousand blondes off to be slaves in North Africa. But ignore that. Then there was the day when, after a battle against the Christian knights, they beheaded all the corpses and all the prisoners to build a hill of skulls. A Muslim then mounted the hill of skulls and issued the call to prayer. But ignore that.

How can any culture that makes slaves and dhimmis of all kafirs be called great? Simple. It served the needs of the groups that pushed the idea. It was Voltaire and Jewish scholars who created the idea of the Golden Age in Moorish Spain. Why? As an intellectual counterweight to the hated Catholic church. That propaganda attack survives today. It is the intellectuals who hate Christianity today, who push the same ideas.

If Islamic learning was so great, then where are the great Muslim scholars of today? No Islamic nation has ever had a Nobel prize in science. Not one. There have been eight Muslims who shared Nobel prizes in science, but it occurred in working in kafir nations and with kafir partners.

4 comments:

akhter said...

Comparison Study of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
Religion

Abrahamic Faith consists of Judaism, Christianity and Islam. These religions have something in common such as the belief of Adam is the first man created and the
ancestor of all human beings, Abraham as a prophet, and the Torat as a revelation of God. Nevertheless there are also some significance differences among them.

Judaism is a tribal religion that can only confessed by a Jew tribe. This religion could not be spread to Non Jew. That is why the number of its follower is only a few. Around 14 million people in the world. Meanwhile the Christianity and Islam are spreading to
all people in the world and confessed by billions of people.

About God

Judaism and Islam regard there is only one God. The Jews call the God as Yahweh which is third singular person means “He who is.” Muslims call God as Allah
which is singular form and genderless from ilah (God). In the Quran, chapter Al Ikhlas stated the unity of God:

Say: He is Allah, the One!
Allah, the eternally Besought of all!
He begetteth not nor was begotten.
And there is none comparable unto Him.

Actually in the Bible the Unity of God also stated in the Ten Commandments of God in Exodus 20:20:1 And God spake all these words, saying, 2 I am the
LORD thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.3 Thou shalt have no other gods before me. [Exodus 20:1-3]

Though in Judaism and Islam the Monotheism of God is absolute including of God’s essence, in Christianity there is a doctrine named Trinity that says God exists
as 3 persons: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit who are united in one substance or being. The trinity consists of 2 words: Three and Unity. Three is One and One is
three.

This concept is contradicted to Al Quran in Chapter Al Ikhlas that says God has no Father or Son. The Bible says:

“The God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, which is blessed for evermore, knoweth that I lie not.”[2 Corinthian 11:31]

“Blessed be God, even the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of mercies, and the God of all comfort” [2 Corinthian 1:3]

The Bible verses above clearly said that God is the Father of Lord Jesus Christ. On the other hand, in Islam strictly stated the Oneness of God, that God is one, God has no Father or Son as follows:

“And say: Praise be to Allah, Who hath not taken unto Himself a son, and Who hath no partner in the Sovereignty,nor hath He any protecting friend through
dependence. And magnify Him with all magnificence.” [Al Israa’:111]

Allah has no Son or Partner:

“Allah hath not chosen any son, nor is there any God along with Him; else would each God have assuredly championed that which he created, and some of them
would assuredly have overcome others. Glorified be Allah above all that they allege.” [Al Mu’minuun:91]

About Jesus
The Jews not only deny Jesus as a God or a prophet, but they also tried to kill Jesus as a pervert.

On the contrary, the Christians regard Jesus as a God:

“The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ, and the love of God, and the communion of the Holy Ghost, be with you all. Amen.” [2 Corinthian 13:14]

Islam regards Jesus not as a God, but only a human being that became a messenger of God:

“And when Allah saith: O Jesus, son of Mary! Didst thou say my mother for two gods beside Allah? He saith: Be glorified to which I had no right. If I used
to say it, then Thou my mind, and I know not what is in Thy mind. Lo! Thou, only Things Hidden.” [Al Maa’idah:116]

According to Islam, Jesus only a prophet to call people to worship only one God as God order in the Ten Commandments:

“I spake unto them only that which Thou commandedst me, and your Lord. I was a witness of them while I dwelt tookest me Thou wast the Watcher over them. Thou
art” [Al Maa’idah:117]

About Jesus Parent

As the Bible verses above, the Christianity regards Jesus as the Son of God:

“The beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God” [Mark 1:1]

“He shall be great, and shall be called the Son of the Highest: and the Lord God shall give unto him the throne of his father David” [Luke 1:32]

Nonetheless, on Matthew 1:16-18 said that Jesus’ father is Joseph though Jesus was born from virgin Mary before Mary married to Joseph or having sex with him:

“1:16 And Jacob begat Joseph the husband of Mary, of whom was born Jesus, who is called Christ. 17 So all the generations from Abraham to David are fourteen
generations; and from David until the carrying away into Babylon are fourteen generations; and from the carrying away into Babylon unto Christ are fourteen
generations. 18 Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on this wise: When as his mother Mary was espoused to Joseph, before they came together, she was found with
child of the Holy Ghost.” [Matthew 1:16-18]

Jesus’ family tree at last follows Joseph’s instead of Mary’s.

On another verse described Jesus as the son of David, the son of Abraham.

The book of the generation of Jesus Christ, the son of
David, the son of Abraham.” [Matthew 1:1]

Jesus the Son of Man:

“For the Son of man is Lord even of the sabbath day.” [Matthew 12:8]

According to Islam Jesus is the Son of Mary. Not the Son of God or Joseph:

“The Messiah, son of Mary, was no other than a messenger, whom had passed away before him. And his mother was a used to eat (earthly) food. See how we
make the revelations they are turned away!” [Al Maa’idah:75]

The Power of God

In the Bible, Genesis 32:25-28 said that Jacob fought with God from night until dawn. When God could not defeated Jacob, God touch the hollow of Jacob’s thigh.
God named Jacob as Israel because Jacob has fought God and men and Jacob prevailed:

“32:24 And Jacob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day. 25 And when he saw that he prevailed not against him, he touched the hollow of his thigh; and the hollow of Jacob's thigh was out of joint, as he wrestled with him.26 And he said, Let me go, for the day breaketh. And he said,
I will not let thee go, except thou bless me.
27 And he said unto him, What is thy name? And he said, Jacob.28 And he said, Thy name shall be called no more Jacob, but Israel: for as a prince hast thou
power with God and with men, and hast prevailed.” [Genesis 32:24-28]

In the Gospel Matthew told how Jesus the God caught, spit, and beaten by men:

“27:27 Then the soldiers of the governor took Jesus
into the common hall, and gathered unto him the whole
band of soldiers.28 And they stripped him, and put on
him a scarlet robe.29 And when they had platted a
crown of thorns, they put it upon his head, and a reed
in his right hand: and they bowed the knee before him,
and mocked him, saying, Hail, King of the Jews!
30 And they spit upon him, and took the reed, and
smote him on the head.
31 And after that they had mocked him, they took the
robe off from him, and put his own raiment on him, and
led him away to crucify him.” [Matthew 27:27-31]

In Islam God is the Most Powerful. He cannot be beaten by any man even if they are all join together against Him:

“If He will, He can be rid of you and bring (instead of you). That is not a hard thing for Allah.” [Al Faathir: 16-17]

“Thy Lord is the Absolute, the Lord of Mercy. If He will, He can remove you and can cause what He will to follow after you, even as He raised you from the seed
of other folk.” [Al An’aam:133]

From the verses of Holy Book above, can you tell us which the Most Powerful God is?

The Independence of God

In Gospel Matthew said how Jesus complain and cry: “My
God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?”

And about the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, saying, Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani? that is to say, My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?”
[Matthew 27:46]

Do you think such statement will come out from the Most Powerful God?

In the Al Quran said that God is not a weak man that needs help:

“And say: Praise be to Allah, Who hath not taken unto Himself a son, and Who hath no partner in the Sovereignty, nor hath He any protecting friend through
dependence. And magnify Him with all magnificence.” [Al Israa’:111]

Whom should we worship for? The weak and need help God or the Most Powerful God?

The Knowledge of God

In Gospel Mark 11:12-13 said that Jesus felt hungry and did not know if the Fig tree is fruitless because it is not its season.

11:12 And on the morrow, when they were come from Bethany, he was hungry:
13 And seeing a fig tree afar off having leaves, he came, if haply he might find any thing thereon: and when he came to it, he found nothing but leaves; for
the time of figs was not yet.” [Mark 11:12-13]

In Islam God is All Knowing:

“And with Him are the keys of the invisible. None but He knoweth them. And He knoweth what is in the land and the sea. Not a leaf falleth but He knoweth it. Not
a grain amid the darkness of the earth, naught of wet or dry but it is noted in a clear record“ [Al An’aam:59]

Is God Sleep?

In Matthew 8:24 said that Jesus was a sleep:
“And, behold, there arose a great tempest in the sea, insomuch that the ship was covered with the waves: but he was asleep.” [Matthew 8:24]

According to Islam, God never feel weak such as sleepy or sleep:

Allah! There is no God save Him, the Alive, the
Eternal. Neither slumber nor sleep overtaketh Him.
Unto Him belongeth whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth. Who is he that intercedeth with Him save by His leave? He knoweth that which is
in front of them and that which is behind them, while they encompass nothing of His knowledge save what He will. His throne includeth the heavens and the earth,
and He is never weary of preserving them. He is the Sublime, the Tremendous.” [Al Baqarah:255]

Prohibition of Statue

In the Ten Commandments stated in Exodus 20:4-5 God forbid man to make any statue:

20:4 Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth.
20:5 Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children
unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me” [Exodus 20:4-5]

However the Christians now make many statues of Jesus
and Mary and put them on the churches.

In Islam making statues is forbidden. In Hadeeth
Bukharee, Ummu Salamah and Ummu Habibah said there is a beautiful church in Habsyi (Mary Church) with some beautiful statues. Muhammad said “When their saint died, the Christians will build church on the grave. Then they make many statues in the church. They are the worst creatures before God in the day of
judgement”

The Holy Book

Though the Jews Holy Book is quoted in Bible as the Old Testament, yet there are some significant differences between them. The Jews Holy Book mostly
written in Hebrew and a few in Aramaic. On the other the Old Testament in Christianity the oldest one written in Greek with 7 additional books.

The New Testament consists of 27 books (including 4 gospels) and originally written in Greek between 50-150 AD (Jesus died arount 29 AD).

The gospel consists of 4 different versions originally written in Greek namely: Mark, Matthew, Luke, and John. The Gospels written around 70-100 AD about 40
years after the death of Jesus.

For example, Luke wrote Gospel for a man called Theophilus

1:1 For as much as many have taken in hand to set
forth in order a declaration of those things which are
most surely believed among us,

2 Even as they delivered them unto us, which from the beginning were
eyewitnesses, and ministers of the word;

3 It seemed good to me also, having had perfect understanding of
all things from the very first, to write unto thee in order, most excellent Theophilus, 4 That thou mightestknow the certainty of those things, wherein thou hast
been instructed.” [Luke 1:1-4]

Luke sometime only guesses such as Jesus about thirty years of age and use the word “As was supposed”.

“And Jesus himself began to be about thirty years of age, being (as was supposed) the son of Joseph, which was the son of Heli” [Luke 3:23]

Though Jesus language is Aramaic, but the New Testament original language at least the oldest version is all in Greek.

If in Luke 3:23 Jesus’ grand father’s name is Heli,

In Matthew 1:16 Jesus’ grand father is Jacob:

“And Jacob begat Joseph the husband of Mary, of whom
was born Jesus, who is called Christ” [Matthew 1:16]

On the other hand, there is only one version of the Al Quran which is memorized by millions of Muslims and still in its original language: Arab, the language of
Muhammad.

“Lo! We revealed it (Al Quran) on the Night of Power” [Al Qadr:1]

Al Quran revealed by Allah to Muhammad. And Muhammad passed it on his followers. Some of the followers memorized Al Quran, some wrote it down on several media (leaves, bones, leather, etc). Abu Bakar, Muhammad’s friend, gather the Al Quran to be one. And Usman, another Muhammad’s friend, then compiled the Quran into one book called Mushaf Usmani with punctuation mark so the spelling complies with the Arabic language standard.

The Circumcision Obligation for Men

In Judaism and Islam, Circumcision is an obligation for men. It is complied with Bible:

17:10 This is my covenant, which ye shall keep, between me and you and thy seed after thee; Every man child among you shall be circumcised. 11 And ye shall
circumcise the flesh of your foreskin; and it shall be a token of the covenant betwixt me and you. 12 And he that is eight days old shall be circumcised among you,
every man child in your generations, he that is born in the house, or bought with money of any stranger, which is not of thy seed.
13 He that is born in thy house, and he that is bought with thy money, must needs be circumcised: and my covenant shall be in your flesh for an everlasting
covenant.
14 And the uncircumcised man child whose flesh of his foreskin is not circumcised, that soul shall be cutoff from his people; he hath broken my covenant”
[Genesis 17:10-14]

The uncircumcised man is regarded as unclean in Isaiah 52:1:

“Awake, awake; put on thy strength, O Zion; put on thy beautiful garments, O Jerusalem, the holy city: for henceforth there shall no more come into thee the
uncircumcised and the unclean” [Isaiah 52:1]

However though God said in Genesis 17:13 that circumcision is an everlasting covenant, the Christians no longer doing the obligation because Paul who claimed become apostle after Jesus died (when Jesus alive Paul is Jesus enemy) said that
circumcision is no longer an obligation:

2:25 For circumcision verily profiteth, if thou keep the law: but if thou be a breaker of the law, thy circumcision is made uncircumcision. 26 Therefore if the uncircumcision keep the righteousness of the law, shall not his uncircumcision be counted for circumcision? 27 And shall not uncircumcision which is by nature, if it fulfil the law, judge thee, who by the letter and circumcision dost transgress the law?
2:28 For he is not a Jew, which is one outwardly; neither is that circumcision, which is outward in the flesh: 29 But he is a Jew, which is one inwardly; and
circumcision is that of the heart, in the spirit, and not in the letter; whose praise is not of men, but of God.
3:1 What advantage then hath the Jew? or what profit is there of circumcision?” [Romans 2:25-29 – 3:1]

The Prohibition of Eating Swine

In Judaism and Islam, eating swine is strictly forbidden. It is complied with Leviticus 11:7-8 and Deuteronomy 14:8:

11:7 And the swine, though he divide the hoof, and be cloven-footed, yet he cheweth not the cud; he is unclean to you. 8 Of their flesh shall ye not eat, and
their carcass shall ye not touch; they are unclean to you.” [Leviticus 11:7-8]

In the Al Quran the prohibition stated:

“He hath forbidden you only carrion, and blood, and swine flesh, and that which hath been immolated to (the name of) any other than Allah. But he who is
driven by necessity, neither craving nor transgressing, it is no sin for him. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.” [Al Baqarah:173]

Nevertheless Swine Flesh is a common food among the Christians now.

Original Sin

In the Christianity known the Original Sin Doctrine. All human race are sinners because of Adam committed sin by eating forbidden fruit. That is why Jesus sent
down as the Saviour to redeem the original sin. In Exodus 20:5 God said that He will punish the children, the third and fourth generation for the
iniquity of their fathers:

“Thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children
unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me;” [Exodus 20:5]

In Islam every one will only responsible for their own
sin. No one can be punished because of other people sin:

“Say: Shall I seek another than Allah for Lord, when
He is Lord of all things? Each soul earneth only on
its own account, nor doth any laden bear another's
load. Then unto your Lord is your return and He will
tell you that wherein ye differed.” [Al An’aam:164]

Slander on Lot

In the Bible, Genesis 19:30-38 said that Lot had drink wine and committed sexual intercourse with his own daughters (incest) and had children (or
grandchildren?) from them:

19:30 And Lot went up out of Zoar, and dwelt in the mountain, and his two daughters with him; for he feared to dwell in Zoar: and he dwelt in a cave, he
and his two daughters.
31 And the firstborn said unto the younger, Our father is old, and there is not a man in the earth to come in unto us after the manner of all the earth:32 Come, let
us make our father drink wine, and we will lie with him, that we may preserve seed of our father.
33 And they made their father drink wine that night: and the firstborn went in, and lay with her father; and he perceived not when she lay down, nor when she
arose.
34 And it came to pass on the morrow, that the firstborn said unto the younger, Behold, I lay yester night with my father: let us make him drink wine this night also; and go thou in, and lie with him, that we may preserve seed of our father.
35 And they made their father drink wine that night also: and the younger arose, and lay with him; and he perceived not when she lay down, nor when she arose.
36 Thus were both the daughters of Lot with child by their father.
37 And the first born bare a son, and called his name Moab: the same is the father of the Moabites unto this day.
38 And the younger, she also bare a son, and called his name Benammi: the same is the father of the children of Ammon unto this day.” [Genesis 19:30-38]

In Islam stated that Lot is really a prophet and cleanfrom such a sin such as drinking liquor or doing incest:

“And lo! Lot verily was of those sent (to warn)” [Ash Shaafaat:133]

In the Quran stated that God has raised Lot’s degree
over people. If common people will not commit adultery
with their own daughter, then a prophet such as Lot
will not such a thing:

“And Ishmael and Elisha and Jonah and Lot. Each one of them did We prefer above (Our) creatures” [Al An’aam:86]

Slander on David

In Bible, 2 Samuel 11:2-17 said that David (who in Matthew 1:1 described as Jesus’ father) committed adultery with Uriah’s wife, Bathsheba. After that,David ordered Joab to send Uriah to the front line of a battle and then deserted him so Uriah get killed by the enemy:

11:2 And it came to pass in an eveningtide, that David arose from off his bed, and walked upon the roof of the king's house: and from the roof he saw a woman
washing herself; and the woman was very beautiful to look upon.
3 And David sent and inquired after the woman. And one said, Is not this Bathsheba, the daughter of Eliam, the wife of Uriah the Hittite?
4 And David sent messengers, and took her; and she came in unto him, and he lay with her; for she was purified from her uncleanness: and she returned unto
her house.” [2 Samuel 11:2-4]

In 2 Samuel 13:11-14 also stated that the son of David, Amnon raped his own sister, Tamar:

13:11 And when she had brought them unto him to eat, he took hold of her, and said unto her, Come lie with me, my sister.
12 And she answered him, Nay, my brother, do not force me; for no such thing ought to be done in Israel: do not thou this folly.
13 And I, whither shall I cause my shame to go? and as for thee, thou shalt be as one of the fools in Israel. Now therefore, I pray thee, speak unto the king; for
he will not withhold me from thee.
14 Howbeit he would not hearken unto her voice: but, being stronger than she, forced her, and lay with her.” [2 Samuel 13:11-14]

In the Al Quran, the Slander over David is denied:

“Those of the children of Israel who went astray were cursed by the tongue of David, and of Jesus, son of Mary. That was because they rebelled and used to
transgress.” [Al Maa-idah:78]

Prohibition of Adultery / Sex Story

In the story of Adultery or prohibition of Adultery, the Bible described it very detailed:

23:1 The word of the LORD came again unto me, saying, 2 Son of man, there were two women, the daughters of one mother:3 And they committed whoredoms in Egypt; they committed whoredoms in their youth: there were their breasts pressed, and there they bruised the teats of their virginity.

4 And the names of them were Aholah the elder, and Aholibah her sister: and they were mine, and they bare sons and daughters. Thus were their names; Samaria is
Aholah, and Jerusalem Aholibah.
5 And Aholah played the harlot when she was mine; and she doted on her lovers, on the Assyrians her neighbours, 6 Which were clothed with blue, captains and rulers, all of them desirable young men, horsemen riding upon horses.
7 Thus she committed her whoredoms with them, with all of them that were the chosen men of Assyria, and with all on whom she doted: with all their idols she defiled herself.
8 Neither left she her whoredoms brought from Egypt:for in her youth they lay with her, and they bruised the breasts of her virginity, and poured their whoredom upon her. 9 Wherefore I have delivered her into the hand of her lovers, into the hand of the Assyrians, upon whom she doted.
0 These discovered her nakedness: they took her sons and her daughters, and slew her with the sword: and she became famous among women; for they had executed
judgment upon her.
11 And when her sister Aholibah saw this, she was more corrupt in her inordinate love than she, and in her whoredoms more than her sister in her whoredoms.
12 She doted upon the Assyrians her neighbours, captains and rulers clothed most gorgeously, horsemen riding upon horses, all of them desirable young men.
13 Then I saw that she was defiled, that they took both one way,
14 And that she increased her whoredoms: for when she saw men portrayed upon the wall, the images of the Chaldeans pourtrayed with vermilion,15 Girded with
girdles upon their loins, exceeding in dyed attire upon their heads, all of them princes to look to, after the manner of the Babylonians of Chaldea, the
land of their nativity:16 And as soon as she saw them with her eyes, she doted upon them, and sent messengers unto them into Chaldea.
17 And the Babylonians came to her into the bed of love, and they defiled her with their whoredom, and she was polluted with them, and her mind was alienated
from them.
18 So she discovered her whoredoms, and discovered her nakedness: then my mind was alienated from her, like as my mind was alienated from her sister.
19 Yet she multiplied her whoredoms, in calling to remembrance the days of her youth, wherein she had played the harlot in the land of Egypt. 20 For she doted upon their paramours, whose flesh is as the flesh of asses, and whose issue is like the issue of horses.
21 Thus thou calledst to remembrance the lewdness of thy youth, in bruising thy teats by the Egyptians for the paps of thy youth.” [Ezekiel 23:1-21]

In Song of Solomon 7:1-8 the sexual desire described like this:

7:1 How beautiful are thy feet with shoes, O prince's daughter! the joints of thy thighs are like jewels, the work of the hands of a cunning workman.
2 Thy navel is like a round goblet, which wanteth not liquor: thy belly is like an heap of wheat set about with lilies.
3 Thy two breasts are like two young roes that are twins.
4 Thy neck is as a tower of ivory; thine eyes like the fishpools in Heshbon, by the gate of Bathrabbim: thy nose is as the tower of Lebanon which looketh toward
Damascus.
5 Thine head upon thee is like Carmel, and the hair of thine head like purple; the king is held in the galleries.
6 How fair and how pleasant art thou, O love, for delights!
7 This thy stature is like to a palm tree, and thy breasts to clusters of grapes.
8 I said, I will go up to the palm tree, I will take hold of the boughs thereof: now also thy breasts shall be as clusters of the vine, and the smell of thy nose
like apples” [Song of Solomon 7:1-8]

In the Al Quran the prohibition of Adultery described in a gentle way so it do not arouse sexual desire of its readers. The readers will not have desire to have
sex with his wife or close friend or masturbate after reading the holy book:

“And come not near unto adultery. Lo! it is an abomination and an evil way. “ [Al Israa’:32]

Even the permission of having sex in the month of fasting described in a very decent way:

“It is made lawful for you to go unto your wives on the night of the fast. They are raiment for you and ye are raiment for them.” [Al Baqarah:187]

That is the Holy Book of Al Quran!

Retaliation Law

In the Old Testament, Exodus 21:11-22:19 stated the Retaliation Law, namely death sentence for killer, an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth:

“He that smiteth a man, so that he die, shall be surely put to death.” [Exodus 21:12]

“21:24 Eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot,25 Burning for burning, wound for wound, stripe for stripe.” [Exodus 21:24-25]

But on the New Testament the Retaliation Law is eliminated and the Christians no longer follow the rule.

In the Al Quran the Retaliation Law restored:

“O ye who believe! Retaliation is prescribed for you in the matter of the murdered; the freeman for the freeman, and the slave for the slave, and the female
for the female...” [Al Baqarah:178]

The Retaliation Law applied so people will think twice before they kill others. If they kill other people then they will be sentenced to death so they could no
longer kill innocent people again in the future By this way the world will be safer for innocent people (but not for the killers):

“And there is life for you in retaliation, O men of understanding, that ye may ward off (evil).” [Al Baqarah:179]

Evil or Serpent who Cheated Adam and Eve?

In Genesis 3:1-19 said that Serpent is the most clever among animals and could talk so it could cheat human: Adam and Eve:

3:1 Now the serpent was more subtle than any beast of the field which the LORD God had made. And he said unto the woman, Yea, hath God said, Ye shall not eat
of every tree of the garden?
2 And the woman said unto the serpent, We may eat of the fruit of the trees of the garden:3 But of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden, God hath said, Ye shall not eat of it, neither shall ye touch it, lest ye die.
4 And the serpent said unto the woman, Ye shall not surely die:5 For God doth know that in the day ye eat thereof, then your eyes shall be opened, and ye shall
be as gods, knowing good and evil.
6 And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired to make one wise, she took of the fruit
thereof, and did eat, and gave also unto her husband with her; and he did eat.” [Genesis 3:1-6]

3:13 And the LORD God said unto the woman, What isthis that thou hast done? And the woman said, The serpent beguiled me, and I did eat.
14 And the LORD God said unto the serpent, Because thou hast done this, thou art cursed above all cattle, and above every beast of the field; upon thy belly
shalt thou go, and dust shalt thou eat all the days of thy life” [Genesis 3:13-14]

In the Quran said that the cheater of Adam and Eve is Satan. Not animal like serpent:

“But Satan caused them to deflect there from and expelled them from the (happy) state in which they were; and We said: Fall down, one of you a foe untothe other! There shall be for you on earth ahabitation and provision for a tune.” [Al Baqarah:36]

If in the Christianity Adam and Eve remain as sinners and passed their sin to their descendants as original sin, in Islam after they regretted and asked God’s
forgiveness, God forgive them. There is no original sin to pass to their descendants.

“Then Adam received from his Lord words (of revelation), and He relented toward him. Lo! He is the Relenting the Merciful.” [Al Baqarah:37]

The Jews regard themselves as the Chosen People while the Christians believe there is no salvation for those who don’t believe Jesus as a God so they send many
evangelists/missionaries all over the world to make people become Christians. Islam said only Islam the religion that God loves:

“Lo! religion with Allah is The Surrender to His will and guidance (Islam). Those who (formerly) received the Scripture differed only after knowledge came unto
them, through transgression among themselves. Whoso disbelieves the revelations of Allah (will find that) Lo! Allah is swift at reckoning.” [Ali ‘Imran:19]

“And whoso seeketh as religion other than the Surrender to Allah (Islam) it will not be accepted from him, and he will be a loser in the Hereafter.” [Ali ‘Imran:85]

Those are some differences in Judaism, Christianity,
and Islam. Though there are many more differences, yet
Muslims are recommended to have a good social
relationship with them as long they are not hostile or
insulting Muslims or Islam.

Though there is no compulsion in religion, yet Islam
forbids Muslims to mix their religions with others.
Your religion is for you and our religion is for us.
That is the Islamic teaching.

akhter said...

A reader wrote:
Dear Mr. Shamir,

I had the following letter from a friend in the U S, and if there is anyone who can help me with the TRUE dates, numbers and facts I am sure it will be you...first I thought why would I want to bother with someone like that? but then I thought these are the types who are poisoning the American mind. I know you have much more important things to follow on than this, but if you can give me some facts about the points that he mentions I would really appreciate it.

God bless you and keep your "voice of truth and wisdom" roaring in this deaf world.

An ardent reader of your articles and books

Sincerely

Ibrahim

The following is the letter, I am sure some points are going to make you just as mad as they made me....thanks again....Ibrahim

SUBJECT: JERUSALEM

1. **ISRAEL** BECAME A STATE IN 1312 B.C., TWO MILLENNIA BEFORE ISLAM;

Wrong. A princedom called Israel came to existence 500 years later, and it had no relation to the ‘Jews’ who appeared a millennium later. ‘Jews’ are not even mentioned in the Torah of Moses, only in the very late books of Esther and Ezra. Islam, or belief in One God, was established by Abraham/Ibrahim a millennium earlier, while Muhammad just returned to its roots.

2. ARAB REFUGEES FROM **ISRAEL** BEGAN CALLING THEMSELVES
"PALESTINIANS" IN 1967, TWO DECADES AFTER (MODERN) ISRAELI STATEHOOD;

Wrong. The native dwellers of Palestine were called “Palestinians” by Herodotes in 5th century BC, 2500 years before (modern) Israeli statehood; but Herodotes never heard of Jews, though he walked across the whole land. Jews appeared three hundred years later.

3. AFTER CONQUERING THE LAND IN 1272 B.C., JEWS RULED IT FOR A THOUSAND YEARS AND MAINTAINED A CONTINUOUS PRESENCE THERE FOR 3,300 YEARS;

Wrong. The Jews conquered the land in 168 BC and ruled it for 100 years until Palestine was liberated by the Roman general Pompey the Great for they killed and pillaged the natives overmuch. Another 100 years later, there was not a single Jew in Jerusalem.

4. THE ONLY ARAB RULE FOLLOWING CONQUEST IN 633 B.C. LASTED JUST 22 YEARS;

Wrong. King Herod (1st century BC) was as full-blooded Arab as Omar ibn Hattab (7th century AD) and as the Mayor of united Jerusalem, Ragheb Nashashibi in 20th century.

5. FOR OVER 3,300 YEARS, **JERUSALEM** WAS THE JEWISH CAPITAL. IT WAS NEVER THE CAPITAL OF ANY ARAB OR MUSLIM ENTITY. EVEN UNDER JORDANIAN RULE,

Wrong. Jerusalem was the capital of Jews for 100 years (2nd – 1st century BC), and it was the capital of Christian Kingdom for 100 years, and a capital of a Muslim and Christian province for 1900 years, while it was the holy place of pilgrimage for all its history.

(EAST) **JERUSALEM** WAS NOT MADE THE CAPITAL, AND NO ARAB LEADER CAME TO VISIT IT;

Jerusalem was the centre of pilgrimage, and Arab, Muslim and Christian leaders came to venerate there, until being forbidden to enter by the Jews, while [first PM] David Ben Gurion went to New York before he came to visit Jerusalem, and [first President] Haim Weitzman hated the city.

6. **JERUSALEM** IS MENTIONED OVER 700 TIMES IN THE BIBLE, BUT NOT ONCE IS IT MENTIONED IN THE QUR'AN;

Wrong. Jerusalem is not mentioned in the Torah of Moses even once, while there are thousands of Muslim stories about Jerusalem, and Jerusalem is the place of Crucifixion and Resurrection of Our Lord Jesus Christ.

7. KING DAVID FOUNDED **JERUSALEM**; MOHAMMED NEVER SET FOOT IN IT;

Wrong. Jerusalem was founded six hundred years before King David, who was a Muslim prophet and ancestor of Christ anyway, and the Prophet Muhammad prayed there in his praying place, while one of the most important events in life of Muhammad (al-Miraj) took place in Jerusalem as described in Koran. Jewish connection to King David? They bombed this hotel!

8. JEWS PRAY FACING **JERUSALEM**; MUSLIMS FACE **MECCA**. IF THEY ARE BETWEEN THE TWO CITIES, MUSLIMS PRAY FACING **MECCA**, WITH THEIR BACKS TO **JERUSALEM**;

Christians and Muslims venerate God in Jerusalem, Jews crucified Him there.

9. IN 1948, ARAB LEADERS URGED THEIR PEOPLE TO LEAVE, PROMISING TO CLEANSE THE LAND OF JEWISH PRESENCE. 68% OF THEM FLED WITHOUT EVER SETTING EYES ON AN ISRAELI SOLDIER;

In 2006, Jewish leaders did not ask their people to leave, but 70% of them ran away from the North in fear of Hizbollah missiles without ever setting eyes on a Lebanese guerrilla.

10. VIRTUALLY THE ENTIRE JEWISH POPULATION OF MUSLIM COUNTRIES HAD TO FLEE AS THE RESULT OF VIOLENCE AND POGROMS;

Virtually entire Christian and Muslim population of Jerusalem was forcefully expelled from the Jewish occupation zone in 1948, while the Jews of Iraq, Morocco and Egypt enjoyed peace and prestige.

11. SOME 630,000 ARABS LEFT ISRAEL IN 1948, WHILE CLOSE TO A MILLION JEWS WERE FORCED TO LEAVE THE MUSLIM COUNTRIES;

Arab Jews were seduced or forced by Zionists to leave their homes, while the Palestinians were expelled by the same Zionists.

12. IN SPITE OF THE VAST TERRITORIES AT THEIR DISPOSAL, ARAB REFUGEES WERE DELIBERATELY PREVENTED FROM ASSIMILATING INTO THEIR HOST COUNTRIES. OF 100 MILLION REFUGEES FOLLOWING WORLD WAR 2, THEY ARE THE ONLY GROUP TO HAVE NEVER INTEGRATED WITH THEIR CORELIGIONISTS. MOST OF THE JEWISH REFUGEES FROM **EUROPE** AND **ARAB LANDS** WERE SETTLED IN **ISRAEL**, A COUNTRY NO LARGER THAN NEW **JERSEY**;

The Palestinians are forever faithful to Palestine, while Jews do not mind to change countries and allegiances.

13. THERE ARE 22 MUSLIM COUNTRIES, NOT COUNTING **PALESTINE**. THERE IS ONLY ONE JEWISH STATE. ARABS STARTED ALL FIVE WARS AGAINST **ISRAEL**, AND LOST EVERY ONE OF THEM;

Jews live in 160 states, and sit in parliaments of 10 countries; there are or were Jewish premier ministers in France, Russia, Austria etc. In the Jewish state, there are no goy ministers, and goyim – whether Christian or Muslim have no full rights, even if they were born there.

Arabs started only one war, in 1973, and were victorious then, and in 2006 as well. The Jews won only one war, in 1967, because they perfidiously attacked without declaring the war.

14. FATAH AND HAMAS CONSTITUTIONS STILL CALL FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF **ISRAEL**. **ISRAEL** CEDED MOST OF THE WEST BANK AND ALL OF **GAZA** TO THE PALESTINIAN AUTHORITY, AND EVEN PROVIDED IT WITH ARMS;

“Destruction of Israel” means elimination of its racist character, like destruction of the Aryan Third Reich eliminated its racism, but preserved Germany. “Destruction” of Dixie, or of Rhodesia was also blessing for all concerned.

Israel ceded nothing to the PNA but the right to clean streets. Israeli army and police may, and does enter anyplace in the West Bank and Gaza which remain surrounded by the Jewish forces.

15. DURING THE JORDANIAN OCCUPATION, JEWISH HOLY SITES WERE VANDALIZED AND WERE OFF LIMITS TO JEWS. UNDER ISRAELI RULE, ALL MUSLIM AND CHRISTIAN HOLY SITES ARE ACCESSIBLE TO ALL FAITHS;

The Jews do not allow any Muslim below age of 45 to pray in the Mosque of al Aqsa, they do not allow Christians of Bethlehem to celebrate Easter in Jerusalem and do not allow Christians of Jerusalem to celebrate Christmas in Bethlehem.

16. OUT OF 175 UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTIONS UP TO 1990, 97 WERE AGAINST **ISRAEL**; OUT OF 690 GENERAL ASSEMBLY RESOLUTIONS, 429 WERE AGAINST **ISRAEL**;

And Israel accepted and fulfilled only one of them which equated Zionism with racism.

18. THE U.N. WAS SILENT WHEN THE JORDANIANS DESTROYED 58 SYNAGOGUES IN THE **OLD CITY** OF **JERUSALEM**. IT REMAINED SILENT WHILE **JORDAN** SYSTEMATICALLY DESECRATED THE ANCIENT JEWISH CEMETERY ON THE **MOUNT OF OLIVES**, AND IT REMAINED SILENT WHEN **JORDAN** ENFORCED APARTHEID LAWS PREVENTING JEWS FROM ACCESSING THE **TEMPLE MOUNT** AND WESTERN WALL.

The Jews destroyed one thousand mosques and churches in 1948; they besieged the Church of Nativity in 2002, they. Jews also desecrated hundreds of Christian and Muslim cemeteries, turned the mosque of Caesarea into a bar, and demolished the 5th century Church of St Barbara. Jews also enforced apartheid laws preventing goyim from coming back to the places they were born.

THESE ARE TRYING TIMES. WE MUST ASK OURSELVES WHAT WE SHOULD BE DOING, AND WHAT WE WILL TELL OUR GRANDCHILDREN ABOUT OUR ACTIONS DURING THIS CRISIS, WHEN WE HAD THE CHANCE TO MAKE A DIFFERENCE.

START NOW! SEND THIS MESSAGE TO 20 FRIENDS, AND ASK EACH OF THEM TO SEND IT TO 20 MORE. JEWISH OR NOT, IT DOES NOT MATTER.

That’s right! Do it!

TRUTH AND PEACE ARE VALUES COMMON TO ALL OF US. EVERYONE MUST KNOW!

Let them!

akhter said...

The Miracle of Islamic Science


The concept that the sciences are exclusively the products of Western minds remains unquestioned by most individuals. A review of any of the standard texts or encyclopedias regarding the history of science would support this view. As these books are perused, it becomes evident that the only contributors given significant mention are Europeans and/or Americans. It is hardly necessary to repeat the oft-mentioned names: Galileo, Copernicus, Kepler, Bacon, Newton, Da Vinci, Benjamin Franklin, etc. The unavoidable conclusion is that major contributions to the development of the modern sciences by other cultures is minimal. Most texts give little or no mention of the advancements made by ancient Indian, Chinese or, particularly, Muslim scholars.

Western civilization has made invaluable contributions to the development of the sciences. However, so have numerous other cultures. Unfortunately, Westerners have long been credited with discoveries made many centuries before by Islamic scholars. Thus, many of the basic sciences were invented by non-Europeans. For instance, George Sarton states that modern Western medicine did not originate from Europe and that it actually arose from the (Islamic) orient.

The data in this section concerning dates, names and topics of Western advances has been derived from three main sources: World Book Encyclopedia, Encyclopedia Britannica and Isaac Asimov's 700 page book, Chronology of Science and Discovery. Supportive data for the accomplishments of Islamic scholars is derived from the miscellaneous references listed in the bibliography of this book.

What is Taught: The first mention of man in flight was by Roger Bacon, who drew a flying apparatus. Leonardo da Vinci also conceived of airborne transport and drew several prototypes.

What Should be Taught: Ibn Firnas of Islamic Spain invented, constructed and tested a flying machine in the 800's A.D. Roger Bacon learned of flying machines from Arabic references to Ibn Firnas' machine. The latter's invention antedates Bacon by 500 years and Da Vinci by some 700 years.

What is Taught: Glass mirrors were first produced in 1291 in Venice.

What Should be Taught: Glass mirrors were in use in Islamic Spain as early as the 11th century. The Venetians learned of the art of fine glass production from Syrian artisans during the 9th and 10th centuries.

What is Taught: Until the 14th century, the only type of clock available was the water clock. In 1335, a large mechanical clock was erected in Milan, Italy. This was possibly the first weight-driven clock.

What Should be Taught: A variety of mechanical clocks were produced by Spanish Muslim engineers, both large and small, and this knowledge was transmitted to Europe through Latin translations of Islamic books on mechanics. These clocks were weight-driven. Designs and illustrations of epi-cyclic and segmental gears were provided. One such clock included a mercury escapement. The latter type was directly copied by Europeans during the 15th century. In addition, during the 9th century, Ibn Firnas of Islamic Spain, according to Will Durant, invented a watch-like device, which kept accurate time. The Muslims also constructed a variety of highly accurate astronomical clocks for use in their observatories.

What is Taught: in the 17th century, Galileo developed the pendulum during his teenage years. He noticed a chandelier swaying as it was being blown by the wind. As a result, he went home and invented the pendulum.

What Should be Taught: The pendulum was discovered by Ibn Yunus al-Masri during the 10th century, who was the first to study and document its oscillatory motion. Its value for use in clocks was introduced by Muslim physicists during the 15th century.

What is Taught: Movable type and the printing press was invented in the West by Johannes Gutenberg of Germany during the 15th century.

What Should be Taught: In 1454, Gutenberg developed the most sophisticated printing press of the Middle Ages. However, movable brass type was in use in Islamic Spain 100 years prior, and that is where the West's first printing devices were made.

What is Taught: Isaac Newton's 17th century study of lenses, light and prisms forms the foundation of the modern science of optics.

What Should be Taught: In the 1lth century al-Haytham determined virtually everything that Newton advanced regarding optics centuries prior and is regarded by numerous authorities as the "founder of optics.” There is little doubt that Newton was influenced by him. Al-Haytham was the most quoted physicist of the Middle Ages. His works were utilized and quoted by a greater number of European scholars during the 16th and 17th centuries than those of Newton and Galileo combined.

What is Taught: Isaac Newton, during the 17th century, discovered that white light consists of various rays of colored light.

What Should be Taught: This discovery was made in its entirety by al-Haytham (1lth century) and Kamal ad-Din (14th century). Newton did make original discoveries, but this was not one of them.

What is Taught: The concept of the finite nature of matter was first introduced by Antione Lavoisier during the 18th century. He discovered that, although matter may change its form or shape, its mass always remains the same. Thus, for instance, if water is heated to steam, if salt is dissolved in water or if a piece of wood is burned to ashes, the total mass remains unchanged.

What Should be Taught: The principles of this discovery were elaborated centuries before by Islamic Persia's great scholar, al-Biruni (d. 1050). Lavoisier was a disciple of the Muslim chemists and physicists and referred to their books frequently.

What is Taught: The Greeks were the developers of trigonometry.

What Should be Taught: Trigonometry remained largely a theoretical science among the Greeks. It was developed to a level of modern perfection by Muslim scholars, although the weight of the credit must be given to al-Battani. The words describing the basic functions of this science, sine, cosine and tangent, are all derived from Arabic terms. Thus, original contributions by the Greeks in trigonometry were minimal.

What is Taught: The use of decimal fractions in mathematics was first developed by a Dutchman, Simon Stevin, in 1589. He helped advance the mathematical sciences by replacing the cumbersome fractions, for instance, 1/2, with decimal fractions, for example, 0.5.

What Should be Taught: Muslim mathematicians were the first to utilize decimals instead of fractions on a large scale. Al-Kashi's book, Key to Arithmetic, was written at the beginning of the 15th century and was the stimulus for the systematic application of decimals to whole numbers and fractions thereof. It is highly probably that Stevin imported the idea to Europe from al-Kashi's work.

What is Taught: The first man to utilize algebraic symbols was the French mathematician, Francois Vieta. In 1591, he wrote an algebra book describing equations with letters such as the now familiar x and y's. Asimov says that this discovery had an impact similar to the progression from Roman numerals to Arabic numbers.

What Should be Taught: Muslim mathematicians, the inventors of algebra, introduced the concept of using letters for unknown variables in equations as early as the 9th century CE. Through this system, they solved a variety of complex equations, including quadratic and cubic equations. They used symbols to develop and perfect the binomial theorem.

What is Taught: The difficult cubic equations (x to the third power) remained unsolved until the 16th century when Niccolo Tartaglia, an Italian mathematician, solved them.

What Should be Taught: Cubic equations as well as numerous equations of even higher degrees were solved with ease by Muslim mathematicians as early as the 10th century.

What is Taught: The concept that numbers could be less than zero, that is negative numbers, was unknown until 1545 when Geronimo Cardano introduced the idea.

What Should he Taught: Muslim mathematicians introduced negative numbers for use in a variety of arithmetic functions at least 400 years prior to Cardano.

What is Taught: In 1614, John Napier invented logarithms and logarithmic tables.

What Should be Taught: Muslim mathematicians invented logarithms and produced logarithmic tables several centuries prior. Such tables were common in the Islamic world as early as the 13th century.

What is Taught: During the 17th century Rene Descartes made the discovery that algebra could be used to solve geometrical problems. By this, he greatly advanced the science of geometry.

What Should be Taught: Mathematicians of the Islamic Empire accomplished precisely this as early as the 9th century A.D. Thabit bin Qurrah was the first to do so, and he was followed by Abu'l Wafa, whose 10th century book utilized algebra to advance geometry into an exact and simplified science.

What is Taught: Isaac Newton, during the 17th century, developed the binomial theorem, which is a crucial component for the study of algebra.

What Should be Taught: Hundreds of Muslim mathematicians utilized and perfected the binomial theorem. They initiated its use for the systematic solution of algebraic problems during the 10th century (or prior).

What is Taught: No improvement had been made in the astronomy of the ancients during the Middle Ages regarding the motion of planets until the 13th century. Then Alphonso the Wise of Castile (Middle Spain) invented the Aphonsine Tables, which were more accurate than Ptolemy's.

What Should be Taught: Muslim astronomers made numerous improvements upon Ptolemy's findings as early as the 9th century. They were the first astronomers to dispute his archaic ideas. In their critic of the Greeks, they synthesized proof that the sun is the center of the solar system and that the orbits of the earth and other planets might be elliptical. They produced hundreds of highly accurate astronomical tables and star charts. Many of their calculations are so precise that they are regarded as contemporary. The AlphonsineTables are little more than copies of works on astronomy transmitted to Europe via Islamic Spain, i.e. the Toledo Tables.

What is Taught: The English scholar Roger Bacon (d. 1292) first mentioned glass lenses for improving vision. At nearly the same time, eyeglasses could be found in use both in China and Europe.

What Should be Taught: Ibn Firnas of Islamic Spain invented eyeglasses during the 9th century, and they were manufactured and sold throughout Spain for over two centuries. Any mention of eyeglasses by Roger Bacon was simply a regurgitation of the work of al-Haytham (d. 1039), whose research Bacon frequently referred to.

What is Taught: Gunpowder was developed in the Western world as a result of Roger Bacon's work in 1242. The first usage of gunpowder in weapons was when the Chinese fired it from bamboo shoots in attempt to frighten Mongol conquerors. They produced it by adding sulfur and charcoal to saltpeter.

What Should be Taught: The Chinese developed saltpeter for use in fireworks and knew of no tactical military use for gunpowder, nor did they invent its formula. Research by Reinuad and Fave have clearly shown that gunpowder was formulated initially by Muslim chemists. Further, these historians claim that the Muslims developed the first fire-arms. Notably, Muslim armies used grenades and other weapons in their defense of Algericus against the Franks during the 14th century. Jean Mathes indicates that the Muslim rulers had stock-piles of grenades, rifles, crude cannons, incendiary devices, sulfur bombs and pistols decades before such devices were used in Europe. The first mention of a cannon was in an Arabic text around 1300 A.D. Roger Bacon learned of the formula for gunpowder from Latin translations of Arabic books. He brought forth nothing original in this regard.

What is Taught: The compass was invented by the Chinese who may have been the first to use it for navigational purposes sometime between 1000 and 1100 A.D. The earliest reference to its use in navigation was by the Englishman, Alexander Neckam (1157-1217).

What Should be Taught: Muslim geographers and navigators learned of the magnetic needle, possibly from the Chinese, and were the first to use magnetic needles in navigation. They invented the compass and passed the knowledge of its use in navigation to the West. European navigators relied on Muslim pilots and their instruments when exploring unknown territories. Gustav Le Bon claims that the magnetic needle and compass were entirely invented by the Muslims and that the Chinese had little to do with it. Neckam, as well as the Chinese, probably learned of it from Muslim traders. It is noteworthy that the Chinese improved their navigational expertise after they began interacting with the Muslims during the 8th century.

What is Taught: The first man to classify the races was the German Johann F. Blumenbach, who divided mankind into white, yellow, brown, black and red peoples.

What Should be Taught: Muslim scholars of the 9th through 14th centuries invented the science of ethnography. A number of Muslim geographers classified the races, writing detailed explanations of their unique cultural habits and physical appearances. They wrote thousands of pages on this subject. Blumenbach's works were insignificant in comparison.

What is Taught: The science of geography was revived during the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries when the ancient works of Ptolemy were discovered. The Crusades and the Portuguese/Spanish expeditions also contributed to this reawakening. The first scientifically-based treatise on geography were produced during this period by Europe's scholars.

What Should be Taught: Muslim geographers produced untold volumes of books on the geography of Africa, Asia, India, China and the Indies during the 8th through 15th centuries. These writings included the world's first geographical encyclopedias, almanacs and road maps. Ibn Battutah's 14th century masterpieces provide a detailed view of the geography of the ancient world. The Muslim geographers of the 10th through 15th centuries far exceeded the output by Europeans regarding the geography of these regions well into the 18th century. The Crusades led to the destruction of educational institutions, their scholars and books. They brought nothing substantive regarding geography to the Western world.

What is Taught: Robert Boyle, in the 17th century, originated the science of chemistry.

What Should be Taught: A variety of Muslim chemists, including ar-Razi, al-Jabr, al-Biruni and al-Kindi, performed scientific experiments in chemistry some 700 years prior to Boyle. Durant writes that the Muslims introduced the experimental method to this science. Humboldt regards the Muslims as the founders of chemistry.

What is Taught: Leonardo da Vinci (16th century) fathered the science of geology when he noted that fossils found on mountains indicated a watery origin of the earth.

What Should be Taught: Al-Biruni (1lth century) made precisely this observation and added much to it, including a huge book on geology, hundreds of years before Da Vinci was born. Ibn Sina noted this as well (see pages 100-101). It is probable that Da Vinci first learned of this concept from Latin translations of Islamic books. He added nothing original to their findings.

What is Taught: The first mention of the geological formation of valleys was in 1756, when Nicolas Desmarest proposed that they were formed over a long periods of time by streams.

What Should be Taught: Ibn Sina and al-Biruni made precisely this discovery during the 11th century (see pages 102 and 103), fully 700 years prior to Desmarest.

What is Taught: Galileo (17th century) was the world's first great experimenter.

What Should be Taught: Al-Biruni (d. 1050) was the world's first great experimenter. He wrote over 200 books, many of which discuss his precise experiments. His literary output in the sciences amounts to some 13,000 pages, far exceeding that written by Galileo or, for that matter, Galileo and Newton combined.

What is Taught: The Italian Giovanni Morgagni is regarded as the father of pathology because he was the first to correctly describe the nature of disease.

What Should be Taught: Islam's surgeons were the first pathologists. They fully realized the nature of disease and described a variety of diseases to modern detail. Ibn Zuhr correctly described the nature of pleurisy, tuberculosis and pericarditis. Az-Zahrawi accurately documented the pathology of hydrocephalus (water on the brain) and other congenital diseases. Ibn al-Quff and Ibn an-Nafs gave perfect descriptions of the diseases of circulation. Other Muslim surgeons gave the first accurate descriptions of certain malignancies, including cancer of the stomach, bowel and esophagus. These surgeons were the originators of pathology, not Giovanni Morgagni.

What is Taught: Paul Ehrlich (19th century) is the originator of drug chemotherapy, that is the use of specific drugs to kill microbes.

What Should be Taught: Muslim physicians used a variety of specific substances to destroy microbes. They applied sulfur topically specifically to kill the scabies mite. Ar-Razi (10th century) used mercurial compounds as topical antiseptics.

What is Taught: Purified alcohol, made through distillation, was first produced by Arnau de Villanova, a Spanish alchemist, in 1300 A.D.

What Should be Taught: Numerous Muslim chemists produced medicinal-grade alcohol through distillation as early as the 10th century and manufactured on a large scale the first distillation devices for use in chemistry. They used alcohol as a solvent and antiseptic.

What is Taught: The first surgery performed under inhalation anesthesia was conducted by C.W. Long, an American, in 1845.

What Should be Taught: Six hundred years prior to Long, Islamic Spain's Az-Zahrawi and Ibn Zuhr, among other Muslim surgeons, performed hundreds of surgeries under inhalation anesthesia with the use of narcotic-soaked sponges which were placed over the face.

What is Taught: During the 16th century Paracelsus invented the use of opium extracts for anesthesia.

What Should be Taught: Muslim physicians introduced the anesthetic value of opium derivatives during the Middle Ages. Opium was originally used as an anesthetic agent by the Greeks. Paracelus was a student of Ibn Sina's works from which it is almost assured that he derived this idea.

What is Taught: Modern anesthesia was invented in the 19th century by Humphrey Davy and Horace Wells.

What Should be Taught: Modern anesthesia was discovered, mastered and perfected by Muslim anesthetists 900 years before the advent of Davy and Wells. They utilized oral as well as inhalant anesthetics.

What is Taught: The concept of quarantine was first developed in 1403. In Venice, a law was passed preventing strangers from entering the city until a certain waiting period had passed. If, by then, no sign of illness could be found, they were allowed in.

What Should be Taught: The concept of quarantine was first introduced in the 7th century A.D. by the prophet Muhammad, who wisely warned against entering or leaving a region suffering from plague. As early as the 10th century, Muslim physicians innovated the use of isolation wards for individuals suffering with communicable diseases.

What is Taught: The scientific use of antiseptics in surgery was discovered by the British surgeon Joseph Lister in 1865.

What Should be Taught: As early as the 10th century, Muslim physicians and surgeons were applying purified alcohol to wounds as an antiseptic agent. Surgeons in Islamic Spain utilized special methods for maintaining antisepsis prior to and during surgery. They also originated specific protocols for maintaining hygiene during the post-operative period. Their success rate was so high that dignitaries throughout Europe came to Cordova, Spain, to be treated at what was comparably the "Mayo Clinic" of the Middle Ages.

What is Taught: In 1545, the scientific use of surgery was advanced by the French surgeon Ambroise Pare. Prior to him, surgeons attempted to stop bleeding through the gruesome procedure of searing the wound with boiling oil. Pare stopped the use of boiling oils and began ligating arteries. He is considered the "father of rational surgery." Pare was also one of the first Europeans to condemn such grotesque "surgical" procedures as trepanning (see reference #6, pg. 110).

What Should be Taught: Islamic Spain's illustrious surgeon, az-Zahrawi (d. 1013), began ligating arteries with fine sutures over 500 years prior to Pare. He perfected the use of Catgut, that is suture made from animal intestines. Additionally, he instituted the use of cotton plus wax to plug bleeding wounds. The full details of his works were made available to Europeans through Latin translations.

Despite this, barbers and herdsmen continued be the primary individuals practicing the "art" of surgery for nearly six centuries after az-Zahrawi's death. Pare himself was a barber, albeit more skilled and conscientious than the average ones.

Included in az-Zahrawi's legacy are dozens of books. His most famous work is a 30 volume treatise on medicine and surgery. His books contain sections on preventive medicine, nutrition, cosmetics, drug therapy, surgical technique, anesthesia, pre and post-operative care as well as drawings of some 200 surgical devices, many of which he invented. The refined and scholarly az-Zahrawi must be regarded as the father and founder of rational surgery, not the uneducated Pare.

What is Taught: William Harvey, during the early 17th century, discovered that blood circulates. He was the first to correctly describe the function of the heart, arteries and veins. Rome's Galen had presented erroneous ideas regarding the circulatory system, and Harvey was the first to determine that blood is pumped throughout the body via the action of the heart and the venous valves. Therefore, he is regarded as the founder of human physiology.

What Should be Taught: In the 10th century, Islam's ar-Razi wrote an in-depth treatise on the venous system, accurately describing the function of the veins and their valves. Ibn an-Nafs and Ibn al-Quff (13th century) provided full documentation that the blood circulates and correctly described the physiology of the heart and the function of its valves 300 years before Harvey. William Harvey was a graduate of Italy's famous Padua University at a time when the majority of its curriculum was based upon Ibn Sina's and ar-Razi's textbooks.

What is Taught: The first pharmacopeia (book of medicines) was published by a German scholar in 1542. According to World Book Encyclopedia, the science of pharmacology was begun in the 1900's as an off-shoot of chemistry due to the analysis of crude plant materials. Chemists, after isolating the active ingredients from plants, realized their medicinal value.

What Should be Taught: According to the eminent scholar of Arab history, Phillip Hitti, the Muslims, not the Greeks or Europeans, wrote the first "modern" pharmacopeia. The science of pharmacology was originated by Muslim physicians during the 9th century. They developed it into a highly refined and exact science. Muslim chemists, pharmacists and physicians produced thousands of drugs and/or crude herbal extracts one thousand years prior to the supposed birth of pharmacology. During the 14th century Ibn Baytar wrote a monumental pharmacopeia listing some 1400 different drugs. Hundreds of other pharmacopeias were published during the Islamic Era. It is likely that the German work is an offshoot of that by Ibn Baytar, which was widely circulated in Europe.

What is Taught: The discovery of the scientific use of drugs in the treatment of specific diseases was made by Paracelsus, the Swiss-born physician, during the 16th century. He is also credited with being the first to use practical experience as a determining factor in the treatment of patients rather than relying exclusively on the works of the ancients.

What Should be Taught: Ar-Razi, Ibn Sina, al-Kindi, Ibn Rushd, az-Zahrawi, Ibn Zuhr, Ibn Baytar, Ibn al-Jazzar, Ibn Juljul, Ibn al-Quff, Ibn an-Nafs, al-Biruni, Ibn Sahl and hundreds of other Muslim physicians mastered the science of drug therapy for the treatment of specific symptoms and diseases. In fact, this concept was entirely their invention. The word "drug" is derived from Arabic. Their use of practical experience and careful observation was extensive.

Muslim physicians were the first to criticize ancient medical theories and practices. Ar-Razi devoted an entire book as a critique of Galen's anatomy. The works of Paracelsus are insignificant compared to the vast volumes of medical writings and original findings accomplished by the medical giants of Islam.

What is Taught: The first sound approach to the treatment of disease was made by a German, Johann Weger, in the 1500's.

What Should be Taught: Harvard's George Sarton says that modern medicine is entirely an Islamic development and that Setting the Record Straight the Muslim physicians of the 9th through 12th centuries were precise, scientific, rational and sound in their approach. Johann Weger was among thousands of Europeans physicians during the 15th through 17th centuries who were taught the medicine of ar-Razi and Ibn Sina. He contributed nothing original.

What is Taught: Medical treatment for the insane was modernized by Philippe Pinel when in 1793 he operated France's first insane asylum.

What Should be Taught: As early as the 1lth century, Islamic hospitals maintained special wards for the insane. They treated them kindly and presumed their disease was real at a time when the insane were routinely burned alive in Europe as witches and sorcerers. A curative approach was taken for mental illness and, for the first time in history, the mentally ill were treated with supportive care, drugs and psychotherapy. Every major Islamic city maintained an insane asylum where patients were treated at no charge. In fact, the Islamic system for the treatment of the insane excels in comparison to the current model, as it was more humane and was highly effective as well.

What is Taught: Kerosine was first produced by the an Englishman, Abraham Gesner, in 1853. He distilled it from asphalt.

What Should be Taught: Muslim chemists produced kerosene as a distillate from petroleum products over 1,000 years prior to Gesner (see Encyclopedia Britannica under the heading, Petroleum).

Excerpted from: Appendix B of 'The Miracle of Islamic Science' by Dr. K. Ajram, Copyright © 1992

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