Thursday, December 18, 2008

Hamas Threatens to End Truce Unless Israel Eases Restrictions


Jonathan Ferziger

Dec. 17 (Bloomberg) -- Hamas is threatening to end a six- month cease-fire if Israel doesn’t let more food, fuel and other goods into the Gaza Strip, a leader of the militant Islamic group said. “Until Friday, we’re still committed, but after that, no one can tell,” said Mahmoud al-Zahar in an interview yesterday, referring to the truce’s Dec. 19 expiration. “The general mood of all the Palestinian factions is negative,” added Zahar, one of Hamas’s two top leaders.

Speaking near two sport-utility vehicles parked inside his Gaza home’s study to quickly escape an Israeli strike, Zahar said he doubts Hamas’s adversaries in Jerusalem will ease restrictions on shipments into Gaza in time.

Egyptian mediators brokered the cease-fire last June to halt daily Palestinian rocket attacks on Israeli border towns and Israeli air raids on Gaza. It has been repeatedly violated in recent weeks as Palestinian militants lob rockets at Israel and as Israeli troops and aircraft fire on launchers.

Israel began limiting Gaza shipments after Hamas seized control of the coastal enclave 18 months ago, leading to shortages of food and other necessities that the United Nations says is causing a humanitarian crisis.

Israeli political leaders deny causing a crisis and say they would ease restrictions if the Palestinians stop firing rockets. Meanwhile, Israeli commanders have drawn up plans for a large-scale military operation in Gaza in the event fighting escalates.

Israeli Defense Minister Ehud Barak said Hamas will determine whether the cease-fire continues or disintegrates.

‘We Will Act’

“As long as Gaza is calm, it will be met with calm, but if the calm is violated and the situation requires it, we will act,” Barak told visiting Austrian Foreign Minister Michael Spindelegger this week, a statement from the Israeli’s office said.

Also this week, Israeli Foreign Minister Tzipi Livni said her country “cannot tolerate” Hamas controlling the Gaza Strip indefinitely as “an extreme Islamic state.”

Zahar, a bearded physician who is popular in Gaza for performing free ritual circumcisions, said 17 years of Arab- Israeli peace negotiations since the 1991 Madrid summit have proven that talks are useless and that Palestinians need to fight to regain their land.

“There have been so many rounds of negotiations with Israel and what has it brought us? Nothing,” said Zahar, dressed in a striped suit and tie.

No Trust

Zahar said he expects Benjamin Netanyahu, the former Israeli prime minister from the Likud Party, to defeat Foreign Minister Livni of the Kadima Party in elections Feb. 10, though he said the result will not affect Hamas’s position.

“We don’t trust any of the Israelis, neither the rightists nor the leftists,” Zahar said, putting Livni in the latter category for more aggressively pursuing a peace deal. Netanyahu is currently leading in opinion polls.

Zahar, 63, says he doesn’t believe peace with Israel is possible. The Hamas charter rejects the Jewish state’s right to exist. The organization is considered a terrorist group by Israel, the U.S. and European Union.

“The Israelis have tried to kill me twice, and they’re still talking about it,” said Zahar, whose son Khaled died when Israeli war planes dropped a bomb on his house five years ago. Another son, Hussam, was killed in an Israeli air raid in January.

Getaway Cars

Zahar keeps his getaway cars close while entertaining visitors in his study, where a chandelier lights a dozen easy chairs and his desk. Guests come in from the trash-strewn Gaza landscape through a heavily guarded main entrance. His cars exit the study through garage doors installed after Israeli planes bombed the structure in 2003.

“I’m not afraid of them,” he says, touching the arm of his questioner. “It is up to the Israelis whether there will be calm in Gaza.”

Zahar has been one of the movement’s top leaders since 2004, when Israeli air strikes killed predecessors Abdel-Aziz Rantisi and Sheikh Ahmed Yassin within a month of each other. He shares power with Ismael Hania, the former Palestinian Authority prime minister. Zahar, the authority’s former foreign minister, and Hania were fired in June 2007 by Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas, who accused Hamas of leading a “coup” in taking over Gaza.

Hania and Zahar function in Gaza in their former Palestinian Authority roles. The two also consult with Khaled Meshaal, the Damascus, Syria-based Hamas leader in exile.

Hamas Stagecraft

Zahar, one of few Hamas leaders comfortable speaking English, is responsible for much of the group’s stagecraft, including a publicity stunt he said he helped arrange at a Dec. 14 rally. Before an audience of 300,000 in Gaza City, Hamas taunted Israel with an actor portraying captured Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit as begging for his life. Photographs of the actor were featured on the front pages of Israel’s top-selling newspapers.

Mukhemer Abu Sada, a political scientist at Al Azhar University in Gaza City, said Hamas no longer seems willing to restrain its own militants, as well as those from the Iranian- backed Islamic Jihad organization and the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine. All are itching to step up rocket fire at Sderot, Ashkelon and other nearby Israeli population centers, he said.

‘Heating Things Up’

“Hamas wants to be viewed as the vanguard of Palestinian resistance to the Israeli occupation,” Abu Sada said. “They know the cost and the consequences of heating things up again but they figure the international community will eventually come along and bail them out.”

Zahar also demanded that Abbas step down when his four-year term expires next month and added that he doesn’t expect the Palestinian Authority president to do so. Since losing control of Gaza, Abbas has been headquartered in the West Bank city of Ramallah.

“He will be sitting on his chair in Ramallah, but he will not be legal,” Zahar said.

Zahar said he was delighted to see an Iraqi journalist throw his shoes at President George W. Bush during a Baghdad press conference on Dec. 14. Zahar said he isn’t expecting U.S. policy to change under President-elect Barack Obama.

“He is 100 percent pro-Israeli and his positions are unacceptable,” Zahar said.

To contact the reporter on this story: Jonathan Ferziger in Gaza City, through the Jerusalem newsroom At jferziger@bloomberg.net

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