Andrew E. Harrod
Special to IPT News
November 27, 2013
http://www.investigativeproject.org/4226/bearing-witness-survivor-describes-nigerian
"Are you ready to die as a Christian?" asked Habila Adamu's AK-47-armed assailants from Nigeria's Boko Haram
(BH) Islamist terrorist organization. During a recent visit to
Washington, D.C., Adamu recounted surviving a massacre of Christians, in
an effort to focus American attention on the bloody turmoil BH poses
for Nigeria.
Adamu described surviving a head shot for professing his Christian faith before a congressional hearing
held Nov. 13. BH gunmen came to Adamu's house in Nigeria's Yobe state
late one November night a year ago. They announced that they "were here
to do the work of Allah." They seized money and cellphones from Adamu
and his wife while asking whether Adamu worked for government security
forces.
And then when asked about his religion, Adamu professed his Christian
faith. "Why are we preaching the message of Mohammed" yet "you refuse
to accept Islam?" the gunmen asked. Christians are "preaching the gospel
of true God," the "good news to other people that do not know God,"
Adamu said.
"I am ready," Adamu responded when asked about dying. An AK-47 round
then entered Adamu's face by the nose and exited his head. Thinking him
dead, the gunmen stomped twice on Adamu's body and shouted "Allah
Akbar." Yet Adamu miraculously clung to life through the night as his
wife feared that he still might bleed to death. A morning evacuation to a
hospital and emergency medical care ensured his survival. Fourteen dead
Christians in Adamu's village were not so fortunate that night.
Adamu's "unbelievable courage as well as faith" in a Nigeria ravaged by BH impressed U.S. Rep. Chris Smith, R-N.J., the chairman of the House Foreign Affairs subcommittee hearing. He cited data from the Christian aid organization Jubilee Campaign,
whose literature stated that Nigeria "accounted for almost 60 percent
of Christians killed globally" in 2012. This loss is "greater than the
Christian casualties of Pakistan, Syria, Kenya and Egypt combined," a
total of 1,132 BH victims in 2012 according to the State Department.
Boko Haram targets Christians for death in Nigeria's Muslim-majority
north with "infidel" markings on home doors. All these atrocities
amounted to a "pre-genocide in Nigeria," Jubilee Campaign's Nigeria expert Emmanuel Ogebe testified.
Beheadings taking place "on a weekly basis" in Nigeria often do not garner global attention. Closed circuit television (CCTV) captured the May 22 Woolwich killing of British soldier Lee Rigby, yet in Nigeria it is "kind of tough for a headless person to get this stuff out," Ogebe said at a Hudson Institute panel the day after the hearing.
Nonetheless, "numerous examples" of Christian-Muslim cooperation
against BH existed, Smith said, and BH's moderate Muslim opponents also
feel the terror organization's wrath. Many Nigerian Muslims do not
support BH, Ogebe agreed, and are "some of the kindest people you have
ever met." This "common cause of Muslims and Christians" in Nigeria
against Boko Haram deserved more attention, Smith argued. Christians and
Muslims "living at peace with each other" in the past by, for
example, sharing food during celebrations were among the memories Adamu
described.
But Boko Haram's character remains in dispute. Smith described it as
"principally anti-Christian" and following a "skewed…perversion of
Islam." By contrast, BH's victims include "numerous Christians and an
even greater number of Muslims," Assistant Secretary of State for
African Affairs Linda Thomas-Greenfield said in prepared remarks.
While BH's persecution of Christians "really disgusted"
Thomas-Greenfield, she noted the group also killed "Muslims … in the
name of Islam". Thomas-Greenfield's predecessor, Johnnie Carson, and a Sept. 13 congressional report on Boko Haram made similar claims. BH's victims were "across the board," Thomas-Greenfield said.
Smith criticized the State Department's "downplaying" of BH's Christian victims. This is "not a game of numbers," Ogebe testified.
State Department claims of suicide bombing attacks at Nigerian mosques
also appeared "really strange" to Ogebe, who knew of none among the few
BH mosque attacks.
Differences aside, Ogebe later described Thomas-Greenfield as a
"breath of fresh air." She recognized BH's "ideology, which opposes
Western culture and education and seeks…a regime enforcing strict
shari'a law" as a conflict source. That is a "position closer to
reality" than previous U.S. statements, Ogebe said.
American officials previously "did everything they could to push that
idea" about Boko Haram's Islamist ideology away, Jubilee Campaign's Ann Buwalda
said at the Hudson Institute program. Like her predecessor Carson,
Thomas-Greenfield cited "regional and socioeconomic disparities" between
Nigeria's poor Muslim-majority north and the Christian-majority south
as motivations for BH attacks.
Yet Ogebe's own life argued against the poverty claim. Once told by
his parents to buy half a loaf of bread for visiting guests, Ogebe noted
that he had experienced northern Nigeria's "deep poverty" firsthand.
Linking BH's "warped theology" and "out of the stone age…medieval-style
Islamic practices" like chainsaw murders to poverty was an "insult to
poor people…some of the most generous people you will ever meet."
Ogebe expressed fear of an "institutionalization of mass
murder" through proposed government payments for individuals to leave
BH, something that might lead to further violence. Buwalda also
criticized American expenditures of $4.5 million on "interfaith
dialogue" and $45 million on support for Nigerian madrassas "without any
knowledge about what is being taught in the schools."
The one positive development Ogebe and others hailed during Adamu's visit was the sudden American designation of BH as a Foreign Terrorist Organization
(FTO) on the day of the hearing. "Christmas came early," Ogebe
testified. Smith called the designation "monumental" and "historic."
U.S. Rep. Ted Poe, R-Texas, called it "long overdue" for a "vicious terrorist organization."
Hearing participants mentioned Boko Harm's ties to Islamist terror groups like al-Qaida affiliates and Somalia's Al Shabaab
as well as BH's attacks upon Westerners, including Americans.
Describing BH as a "real global threat," Ogebe noted its earlier name
"Nigerian Taliban" and previous "Afghanistan camp." BH "modeled itself
exactly like the Taliban," Ogebe said, even to the point of living in
caves. BH fighters have appeared in Afghanistan and in Mali.
Yet Thomas-Greenfield and Jamestown Foundation expert witness Jacob Zenn
also cautioned that, while the terror designation allowed for tracking
of BH's foreign finances, the group had turned in recent years to local
illegal sources of funding like bank robbery. The designation also
"underwhelmed" Ogebe. Simply to get the Obama administration "to
conceive the truth" about BH as a "vicious terrorist group" had required
two years of effort better spent on helping BH's victims. Yet to
"recognize the problem" is the first step, Ogebe said.
Looking to the future, Zenn saw an obstacle in the current Leahy Amendment,
an American law prohibiting aid and training to whole military units if
even a few individual members were found to have abused human rights.
Its restrictions are blocking vital training from reaching Nigerian
troops, especially when it comes to combating Boko Haram's sophisticated
weaponry, including AK-47s and rocket-propelled grenades.
Having suffered the Nigerian army's torture as a dissident in the
past, support for the military was "quite a stretch" for Ogebe. Yet he
could not ignore Adamu's plea at the hearing: "let this killing of
innocent blood stop."
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