A dispute over the degree to which Iran won enrichment concessions in
this weekend's interim deal has pitted Iran and Russia on one hand
against the U.S. and Britain on the other, and is threatening to
severely complicate talks aimed at achieving a comprehensive agreement
over Tehran's nuclear program. Iranian leader - including
Iranian
President Hassan Rouhani and
Foreign
Minister Javad Zarif - boasted over the weekend that the U.S. had
caved on its long-standing position that Iran would not be permitted to
enrich uranium under a final accord. The
U.S.
and
Britain
both flatly denied Iran's interpretation. The interim language, however,
describes a future comprehensive solution as involving "a mutually
defined enrichment program with practical limits and transparency
measures to ensure the peaceful nature of the program." Observers
including the Washington Post's
Jackson Diehl,
the Post's
David
Ignatius, and the Daily Beast's
Eli
Lake all noted that a plain reading of the language favors the
Iranian interpretation. The diverging interpretations will present a
challenge for U.S. diplomats pursuing a comprehensive deal. The U.S.
will either have to compel Iran to change its position, which will be
difficult inasmuch Iranian leaders are trumpeting the language as a core
victory, or the U.S. will have to concede Iran’s position, abrogating
assurances made by the administration to U.S. lawmakers and allies, and
giving up on half a dozen United Nations Security Council resolutions
calling on Iran to suspend enrichment. In 2009 the New York Times
reported that "administration officials... said that any new
American policy would ultimately require Iran to cease enrichment, as
demanded by several United Nations Security Council resolutions." In
2010 then-White House spokesperson Robert Gibbs
ruled
out allowing Iran to enrich because "if the Iranians are sincere in
a peaceful program, their needs can be met without undertaking its own
enrichment program, which call into question its motives." The same year
Assistant Secretary of State P.J. Crowley
emphasized
that Iran "continues to enrich uranium and has failed to suspend its
enrichment program as has been called for in UN Security Council
resolutions; that’s our core concern." The administration's lead
negotiator Wendy Sherman
told
Congress as recently as last month that "the President has
circumscribed what he means by the Iranian people having access… access,
not right, but access to peaceful nuclear energy in the context of
meeting its obligations."
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